As @Robin notes, the renderer in only evoked when the model is updated. You need to periodically change the value in the desired row(s). This example uses javax.swing.Timer.
private class TestCellRenderer implements TableCellRenderer, ActionListener {
JProgressBar bar = new JProgressBar();
Timer timer = new Timer(100, this);
public TestCellRenderer() {
bar.setIndeterminate(true);
timer.start();
}
@Override
public Component getTableCellRendererComponent(JTable table,
Object value, boolean isSelected, boolean hasFocus, int row, int column) {
return bar;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TableModel model = table.getModel();
for (int row = 0; row < model.getRowCount(); row++) {
table.getModel().setValueAt(0, row, 0);
}
}
}
You may also want to implement setValueAt(), as the AbstractTableModel implementation is empty:
@Override
public void setValueAt(Object aValue, int row, int col) {
if (col == 1) {
// update your internal model and notify listeners
this.fireTableCellUpdated(row, col);
}
}
Addendum: For reference, here's a corresponding Java implementation to complement the Scala.

Code:
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JProgressBar;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.table.AbstractTableModel;
import javax.swing.table.TableCellRenderer;
import javax.swing.table.TableModel;
/**
* @see http://stackoverflow.com/a/10491290/230513
*/
public class TestProgressBar extends JPanel {
private JTable table = new JTable(new TestModel());
public TestProgressBar() {
table.getColumnModel().getColumn(0).setCellRenderer(new TestCellRenderer());
table.setPreferredScrollableViewportSize(new Dimension(320, 120));
this.add(new JScrollPane(table));
}
private class TestModel extends AbstractTableModel {
@Override
public int getRowCount() {
return 4;
}
@Override
public int getColumnCount() {
return 4;
}
@Override
public Object getValueAt(int row, int col) {
return String.valueOf(row) + ", " + String.valueOf(col);
}
@Override
public void setValueAt(Object aValue, int row, int col) {
// update internal model and notify listeners
fireTableCellUpdated(row, col);
}
}
private class TestCellRenderer implements TableCellRenderer, ActionListener {
JProgressBar bar = new JProgressBar();
Timer timer = new Timer(100, this);
public TestCellRenderer() {
bar.setIndeterminate(true);
timer.start();
}
@Override
public Component getTableCellRendererComponent(JTable table,
Object value, boolean isSelected, boolean hasFocus, int row, int column) {
return bar;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TableModel model = table.getModel();
for (int row = 0; row < model.getRowCount(); row++) {
table.getModel().setValueAt(0, row, 0);
}
}
}
private void display() {
JFrame f = new JFrame("TestProgressBar");
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
f.add(this);
f.pack();
f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
new TestProgressBar().display();
}
});
}
}