You can use the background task APIs to call a method after you've been backgrounded (as long as your task doesn't take too long - usually ~10 mins is the max allowed time).
iOS doesn't let timers fire when the app is backgrounded, so I've found that dispatching a background thread before the app is backgrounded, then putting that thread to sleep, has the same effect as a timer.
Put the following code in your app delegate's - (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application method:
// Dispatch to a background queue
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0), ^{
    // Tell the system that you want to start a background task
    UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier taskID = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
        // Cleanup before system kills the app
    }];
    // Sleep the block for 5 seconds
    [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:5.0];
    // Call the method if the app is backgrounded (and not just inactive)
    if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateBackground)
        [self performSelector:@selector(test)];  // Or, you could just call [self test]; here
    // Tell the system that the task has ended.
    if (taskID != UIBackgroundTaskInvalid) {
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] endBackgroundTask:taskID];
    }
});