Get direction (compass) with two longitude/latitude points

Question

I'm working on a "compass" for a mobile-device. I have the following points:

point 1 (current location): Latitude = 47.2246, Longitude = 8.8257
point 2 (target  location): Latitude = 50.9246, Longitude = 10.2257

Also I have the following information (from my android-phone):

The compass-direction in degree, which bears to the north. 
For example, when I direct my phone to north, I get 0°

How can I create a "compass-like" arrow which shows me the direction to the point?

Is there a mathematic-problem for this?

EDIT: Okay I found a solution, it looks like this:

/**
 * Params: lat1, long1 => Latitude and Longitude of current point
 *         lat2, long2 => Latitude and Longitude of target  point
 *         
 *         headX       => x-Value of built-in phone-compass
 * 
 * Returns the degree of a direction from current point to target point
 *
 */
function getDegrees(lat1, long1, lat2, long2, headX) {
    
    var dLat = toRad(lat2-lat1);
    var dLon = toRad(lon2-lon1);

    lat1 = toRad(lat1);
    lat2 = toRad(lat2);

    var y = Math.sin(dLon) * Math.cos(lat2);
    var x = Math.cos(lat1)*Math.sin(lat2) -
            Math.sin(lat1)*Math.cos(lat2)*Math.cos(dLon);
    var brng = toDeg(Math.atan2(y, x));

    // fix negative degrees
    if(brng<0) {
        brng=360-Math.abs(brng);
    }

    return brng - headX;
}

Answer 1

O forgot to say I found the answer eventually. The application is to determine compass direction of a transit vehicle and its destination. Essentially, fancy math for acquiring curvature of Earth, finding an angle/compass reading, and then matching that angle with a generic compass value. You could of course just keep the compassReading and apply that as an amount of rotation for your image. Please note this is an averaged determination of the vehicle direction to the end point (bus station) meaning it can't know what the road is doing (so this probably best applies to airplanes or roller derby).

//example obj data containing lat and lng points
//stop location - the radii end point
endpoint.lat = 44.9631;
endpoint.lng = -93.2492;

//bus location from the southeast - the circle center
startpoint.lat = 44.95517;
startpoint.lng = -93.2427;

function vehicleBearing(endpoint, startpoint) {
    endpoint.lat = x1;
    endpoint.lng = y1;
    startpoint.lat = x2;
    startpoint.lng = y2;

    var radians = getAtan2((y1 - y2), (x1 - x2));

    function getAtan2(y, x) {
        return Math.atan2(y, x);
    };

    var compassReading = radians * (180 / Math.PI);

    var coordNames = ["N", "NE", "E", "SE", "S", "SW", "W", "NW", "N"];
    var coordIndex = Math.round(compassReading / 45);
    if (coordIndex < 0) {
        coordIndex = coordIndex + 8
    };

    return coordNames[coordIndex]; // returns the coordinate value
}

ie: vehicleBearing(mybus, busstation) might return "NW" means its travelling northwesterly

Answer 2

I found some useful gps coordinates formula in math here. For this case, here my solution

 private double getDirection(double lat1, double lng1, double lat2, double lng2) {

    double PI = Math.PI;
    double dTeta = Math.log(Math.tan((lat2/2)+(PI/4))/Math.tan((lat1/2)+(PI/4)));
    double dLon = Math.abs(lng1-lng2);
    double teta = Math.atan2(dLon,dTeta);
    double direction = Math.round(Math.toDegrees(teta));
    return direction; //direction in degree

}

Answer 3

I couldn't understand your solution well, calculating the slope worked for me. To modify on efwjames's and your answer. This should do -

import math
def getDegrees(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2,head):
    dLat = math.radians(lat2-lat1)
    dLon = math.radians(lon2-lon1)
    bearing = math.degrees(math.atan2(dLon, dLat))
    return head-bearing

Answer 4

You'd need to calculate an Euclidean vector between your start point and end point, then calculate its angle (let's say relative to positive X) which would be the angle you want to rotate your arrow by.