GCSE Computer Science/Fundamentals of computer systems

Specification link
  • Develop a mental model of a computer system
  • Define a computer system
  • Describe the importance of computer systems in the modern world
  • Explain the need for reliability in computer systems
  • Explain the need for professional standards
  • Consider ethical, environmental and legal considerations when creating computer systems

OCR Specification

What is a computer?

You have probably had a lot of experience with computers. They are a type of machine or device which can be programmed. Computers range from the desktop or laptop you are probably reading this on, to a computer in a vending machine or supermarket checkout. Computers are everywhere in out modern life, and are incredibly important to the functioning of the modern world.

Extension
The first programmable computer was designed in 1837 by Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace.

All computer systems work in a similar way. They have inputs, processes and outputs. Take making a phone call on a mobile phone as an example.

Input Process Header text
User uses touchscreen to enter the number in Phone makes contact with towers, and is connected to the other phone Speaker outputs voice of other person
Computer System - A system which can take an input, process it and create an output, using a combination of hardware and software components


Reliability of computer systems

Considering that computers are currently used for so much in the modern world, keeping them running well and constantly is an important consideration. A Crittical system is one which needs to constantly be running, or else there is a risk of death, serious injury, or financial problems.

Examples

Why does a life support system need to be reliable? [3]

In a question like this, you should look at the number of marks, and try to make roughly that number of developed points.

A life support system is a particular type of critical system. A critical system is one which would cause death, serious injury or financial loss if switched off. In the case of a life support system, failure can cause death of the patient. If a life support system was not reliable, it could cause death of a patient. For this reason it will need to be reliable.

Other examples of critical systems include utilities, banking, emergency communications and air traffic control.

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