Persian/Lesson 11
< Persian
In this lesson, you will learn about direct objects and prepositions in Persian.
Dialogue
درس 11
- ف
- كيف – tas
- د فتر – schrift
- پد ر – vader
- پذرش – zijn vader
- مسافرت – reis, vakantie
- درس – les
- فراموش – vergeet
- فردا – morgen
- بردن – meenemen
- مي برد – hij neemt mee
- مادرش – zijn moeder
- برادرش – zijn broer
- دفترش – zijn schrift
- كتابشاست – zijn boek
- امين برادر اكرم است – Amin is de broer van Akram
- پدر اكرم فردا به مسافرت مي رود – morgen gaat de vader van Akram op reis
- امين كتابش را فراموش نمي كند – Amin vergeet het boek
- امين و اكرم درس را دوست دارند – Amin en Akram leren graag
- امين كتاب دار – Amin heeft een boek
- من كيف دارم – Ik heb een tas
Direct objects
Definite or human object enclitic را 
‹râ›, colloquially pronounced or /o/ after consonant, /ro/ after vowel.
Persian doesn't have a direct article like “the”. In some situations را carries similar meaning, but is less used than "the".
Prepositions
prepositions:
- از ‹az› (“from, than, by”)
- با ‹bâ› (“with”)
- برای ‹barâye› (“for, in order to”)
- بی ‹bi› (“without”)
- بدون ‹bedun-e› (“without”)
- به ‹be› (“to, in, at, on”)
- دنبال ‹dombâl-e› (“behind”)
- پشت ‹post-e› (“behind”)
- نزدیک ‹nazdik-e› (“near”)
- پیش ‹pish-e› (“before, in front of”)
- جلو ‹jelo-ye› (“before, in front of”)
- روی ‹ruy-e› (“on, on the face of”)
- تو ‹tu-ye› (“inside, into”)
- در ‹dar› (“in”)
- زیر ‹zir-e› (“under”)
Some Persian verbs often are accompanied by prepositional phrases that translate into English as transitive verbs with direct objects, especially common with از ‹az› (“from, than, by”) and بی ‹bi› (“without”).
Sentence structure
(subject) (definite object را) (prep phrases) (adverbs) (predicate nominative/adjective) verb
Notes