Pension systems by country

Personal finance
Coin issued during the reign of the Roman emperor Maximian
Credit · Debt
Employment contract
Retirement
Personal budget and investment
See also

The table below shows the pension systems pillars by country.

Pension systems by country[1][2]
Country Pillar 0 Pillar 1 Pillar 2 Pillar 3
 Afghanistan No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Algeria checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Argentina checkY Basic pension checkY Social insurance system No, closed in 2008 N/A
 Armenia checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory individual accounts checkY Voluntary pensions
 Australia checkY Social assistance checkY Mandatory occupational pension system N/A N/A
 Austria No checkY Social insurance system checkY Occupational pensions checkY Private pensions
 Bahrain No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Bangladesh checkY Social assistance N/A N/A N/A
 Belarus checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Belgium checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Bhutan No checkY Provident fund system No N/A
 Botswana checkY Basic pension No No N/A
 Brazil checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Brunei checkY Basic pension checkY Provident fund system checkY Supplementary individual account N/A
 Bulgaria checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Individual accounts N/A
 Burkina Faso No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Burundi No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Cameroon No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Canada checkY Basic pension checkY Canada Pension Plan N/A checkY Registered retirement savings plan
 China checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A
 Czech Republic checkY Basic pension checkY Social insurance system No, canceled in 2016 checkY Voluntary individual accounts
 Dominican Republic checkY Social assistance checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A N/A
 El Salvador checkY Social assistance checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A N/A
 Estonia checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory individual accounts checkY Voluntary individual accounts
 Eswatini checkY Social assistance checkY Provident fund system N/A N/A
 France checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory occupational pension provision checkY
  • Voluntary private collective pension provision
  • Voluntary private individual pension provision
 Georgia checkY Basic pension N/A N/A N/A
 Germany checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Voluntary occupational pension insurance checkY Private pension schemes
 Hong Kong checkY Basic pension checkY Provident fund system N/A N/A
 Hungary checkY Social assistance checkY Private pension fund checkY Voluntary pension fund N/A
 India checkY Social assistance checkY Employees’ Provident Fund checkY Voluntary pension insurance checkY Individual private pension plans
 Ireland checkY Basic pension checkY Social insurance system Pay Related Social Insurance checkY Occupational pension schemes N/A
 Italy checkY Social assistance checkY Notional Defined Contributions N/A N/A
 Japan N/A N/A N/A N/A
 Jordan No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Kazakhstan checkY Basic pension checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A N/A
 Kenya checkY Older Persons Cash Transfer checkY Mandatory individual accounts No N/A
 Kyrgyzstan checkY Social assistance checkY Notional Defined Contributions No N/A
 Latvia checkY Social assistance checkY Notional Defined Contributions checkY Mandatory individual accounts checkY Voluntary individual accounts
 Lithuania checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Voluntary pension fund checkY Voluntary individual accounts
 Luxembourg No checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory occupational pension provision checkY Voluntary pensions funds and endowment policy insurances with tax benefits
 Malawi no checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A N/A
 Malaysia checkY Social assistance checkY Provident Fund System (KWSP) or Individual pension account (KWAP/LTAT) checkY Provident Fund System checkY Voluntary individual accounts:
 Mexico checkY Social assistance checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A N/A
 Monaco No checkY Social insurance system No N/A
 Mongolia checkY Social assistance checkY Notional Defined Contributions N/A N/A
 Morocco No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Mozambique checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Namibia checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
   Nepal checkY Social assistance checkY Provident fund system N/A N/A
 Netherlands checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Private employee pensions checkY Individual private pensions
 New Zealand checkY Basic pension checkY Individual accounts N/A N/A
 Nigeria No checkY Mandatory individual accounts No N/A
 North Korea N/A N/A N/A N/A
 Norway checkY Basic pension checkY Notional Defined Contributions checkY Occupational pension schemes checkY Individual pensions
 Oman No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Pakistan No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Papua New Guinea No checkY Mandatory occupational retirement system N/A N/A
 Philippines checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Poland Basic pensions for mothers of four or more children from March 2019 checkY Notional Defined Contributions checkY Voluntary Open Pension Funds (OFE) checkY Voluntary individual accounts:
  • Occupational Pension Programs (PPE)
  • Individual Pension Accounts (IKE/IKZE)
  • Employee Capital Plans (PPK)
 Portugal checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Qatar No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Romania No checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory individual accounts checkY Voluntary individual accounts
 Russia checkY Basic pension checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory pension funds checkY Voluntary private pension funds
 Rwanda No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Saudi Arabia No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Senegal No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Sierra Leone No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Singapore checkY Social assistance checkY Provident fund system N/A N/A
 Slovakia checkY Basic pension checkY Social insurance system checkY Voluntary individual accounts N/A
 Slovenia checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Solomon Islands No checkY Provident fund system N/A N/A
 South Africa checkY Basic pension N/A N/A N/A
 South Korea checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 South Sudan No No No N/A
 Spain checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Sri Lanka No checkY Provident fund system checkY Supplementary fund N/A
 Sudan No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Sweden checkY Basic pension checkY Notional Defined Contributions checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A
  Switzerland N/A checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory occupational pension system checkY Voluntary pensions funds and endowment policy insurances with tax benefits
 Syria N/A N/A N/A N/A
 Taiwan checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A
 Tanzania No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Thailand checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Voluntary national savings fund N/A
 Turkey checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Turkmenistan checkY Social assistance checkY Notional Defined Contributions N/A N/A
 Uganda No checkY Provident fund system N/A N/A
 Ukraine checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory state pension fund checkY Voluntary individual pensions
 United Arab Emirates No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 United Kingdom checkY Basic pension checkY Social insurance system checkY Occupational schemes checkY Voluntary individual pensions:
  • Stakeholder pensions
  • Group personal pensions
  • Self-invested personal pensions
 United States checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Uruguay checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A
 Uzbekistan checkY Social assistance checkY Mandatory individual accounts N/A N/A
 Venezuela checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Vietnam checkY Social assistance checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Zambia No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
 Zimbabwe No checkY Social insurance system N/A N/A
First pillar of pension system by country:
  Basic non-contributory pension
  Mandatory individual accounts
  Provident fund system
  Workers can switch between social insurance system or individual accounts
  Social insurance system

Funded and pay-as-you-go shares by country

Pension entitlements by funding type in % of total in year 2021.[3]

Country Private Funded Pay-as-you-go
 Austria 3 15 83
 Belgium 8 17 75
 Bulgaria 7 0 93
 Croatia 9 0 91
 Cyprus 4 13 83
 Czech Republic 3 0 97
 Denmark 73 25 2
 Estonia 0 3 97
 Finland 1 0 99
 France 0 13 87
 Germany 7 14 79
 Greece 1 0 99
 Hungary 0 0 100
 Iceland 54 14 33
 Ireland 16 23 61
 Italy 2 0 98
 Latvia 8 3 90
 Lithuania 4 2 95
 Luxembourg 2 17 81
 Malta 0 7 93
 Netherlands 36 14 51
 Norway 8 11 81
 Poland 3 8 90
 Portugal 3 25 72
 Romania 2 0 98
 Slovakia 5 14 81
 Slovenia 1 0 98
 Spain 1 9 90
 Sweden 33 5 62
 Switzerland 34 5 62

Notable examples of pension systems by country

Some of the listed systems might also be considered social insurance.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Social Security Programs Throughout the World". ssa.gov.
  2. ^ "Social protection in older age | Pension watch". pension-watch.net.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ "Pensions in national accounts, Table 2". Eurostat. 27 September 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  4. ^ "Official Website of Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority".
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