Lophophora williamsii

Familia: Cactaceae
Subfamilia: Cactoideae
Tribus: Cacteae
Genus: Lophophora
Species:

Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) J.M.Coult., 1894

• Anhalonium lewinii Henn.
• Anhalonium williamsii (Lem.) C.F.Först.
• Ariocarpus williamsii (Lem.) Voss
• Echinocactus lewisii (Henn.) K.Schum.
• Echinocactus williamsii var. anhaloninicus K.Schum.
• Echinocactus williamsii var. luteus Rouhier
• Echinocactus williamsii var. pellotinicus K.Schum.
• Lophophora echinata Croizat
• Lophophora jourdaniana Haberm.
• Lophophora lewinii (Henn.) Rusby
• Lophophora lewinii C.H.Thomps.
• Lophophora lutea (Rouhier) Backeb.
• Lophophora pentagona (Croizat) V.Gapon
• Lophophora pluricostata (Croizat) V.Gapon
• Lophophora williamsii var. cristata Houghton
• Lophophora williamsii var. decipiens Croizat
• Lophophora williamsii var. echinata (Croizat) Bravo
• Lophophora williamsii subsp. grymii Halda, Kupcák & Sladk.
• Lophophora williamsii var. heptagona Y.Itô
• Lophophora williamsii var. lewinii J.M.Coult.
• Lophophora williamsii var. lutea (Rouhier) Soulaire
• Lophophora williamsii var. pentagona Croizat
• Lophophora williamsii var. pluricostata Croizat
• Lophophora williamsii var. texana Fric ex Kreuz.
• Lophophora williamsii var. typica Croizat
• Mammillaria lewinii (Henn.) H.Karst.
• Mammillaria williamsii (Lem.) J.M.Coult.
• Peyotl xochimilcensis F.Hern.
• Peyotl zacatensis F.Hern.
• Lophophora alberto-vojtechii Bohata, Myšák & Šnicer in Cactus & Co. 12: 108. 2008 syn. sec. Hernández & Gómez-Hinostrosa 2021

Native distribution areas:
Continental: Northern America Regional: South Central U.S.A. Texas Regional: Mexico Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

• Coulter, J.M. 1894. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 3: 131

• Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559–902. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.017 Online PDF Reference page. 
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 4: 1-559. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
• Korotkova, N., Aquino, D., Arias, S., Eggli, U., Franck, A. , Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Guerrero, P.C., Hernández, H.M., Kohlbecker, A., Köhler, M., Luther, K., Majure, L.C., Müller, A., Metzing, D., Nyffeler, R., Sánchez, D., Schlumpberger, B. & Berendsohn, W.G. 2021. Cactaceae at Caryophyllales. org–a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family. Willdenowia 51(2): 251–270. DOI: 10.3372/wi.51.51208 Reference page. 

• Korotkova, N. et al. 2021. Lophophora williamsii in Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org. A global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Nov 16. Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Lophophora williamsii in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Mar 15. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2021. Lophophora williamsii. Published online. Accessed: Mar 15 2021. Reference page.
• Tropicos.org 2021. Lophophora williamsii. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 Mar 2021. Reference page.
• Hassler, M. 2021. Lophophora williamsii. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Mar 15. Reference page. 
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Lophophora williamsii in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.
• IUCN: Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) J.M.Coult.  (Vulnerable)

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