The genus name Noctua may refer to:
- Animalia:
- Noctua Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)
- Noctua Garsault, 1764, junior homonym = synonym of Caprimulgus Linnaeus, 175 (Aves, Caprimulgidae}
- Noctua Savigny, 1809 , junior homonym = synonym of Athene F. Boie, 1822 (Aves, Strigidae)