Protobothrops

Familia: Viperidae
Subfamilia: Crotalinae
Genus:
Species (16): P. cornutus – P. dabieshanensis – P. elegans – P. flavirostris – P. flavoviridis – P. himalayanus – P. jerdonii – P. kaulbacki – P. kelomohy – P. mangshanensis – P. maolanensis – P. mucrosquamatus – P. sieversorum – P. tokarensis – P. trungkhanhensis – P. xiangchengensis

Protobothrops Hoge & Romano-Hoge, 1983: 87

• Type species: Bothrops flavoviridis Hallowell, 1861, by original designation.

• Triceratolepidophis Ziegler, Herrmann, David, Orlov & Pauwels, 2000: 201 [synonymized by Guo, Malhotra, Li, Pook & Creer (2007: 243)]
  • Type species: Triceratolepidophis sieversorum Ziegler, Herrmann, David, Orlov & Pauwels, 2000, by original designation and monotypy.
• Ceratrimeresurus Liang & Liu in Liang, 2003: 411 [synonymized by David, Tong, Vogel & Tian (2008: 21)]
  • Type species: Ceratrimeresurus shenlii Liang & Liu, 2003, by monotypy.

• Hoge, A.R. & Romano-Hoge, S.A. [1980/81] 1983. Notes on micro and ultrastructure of “Oberhäutchen” in Viperoidea. Memórias do Instituto Butantan 44/45: 81–118. Full article. Reference page. 
• Ziegler, T., Herrmann, H.-W., David, P., Orlov, N.L. & Pauwels, O.S.G. 2000. Triceratolepidophis sieversorum, a New Genus and Species of Pitviper (Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Vietnam. Russian Journal of Herpetology 7(3): 199–214. DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2000-7-3-199-214 [nonfunctional] Reference page. 
• Liang, Q. 2003. [Reptiles of Guangdong Nanling Nature Reserve]. pp. 408–417 In: Pang, X. (Ed.). [Studies on Biodiversity of the Guangdong Nanling National Nature Reserve] (In Chinese). Guangdong Science and Technology Press: Guangzhou. ISBN 978-7-5359-6919-4 Reference page. 
• Guo, P., Malhotra, A., Li, P.-P., Pook, C.E. & Creer, S. 2007. New evidence on the phylogenetic position of the poorly known Asian pitviper Protobothrops kaulbacki (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) with a redescription of the species and a revision of the genus Protobothrops. Herpetological Journal 17(4): 237–246. Reference page. 
• David, P., Tong, H.-Y., Vogel G. & Tian, M.-Y. 2008. On the status of the Chinese pitviper Ceratrimeresurus shenlii Liang and Liu in Liang, 2003 (Serpentes, Viperidae), with the addition of Protobothrops cornutus (Smith, 1930) to the Chinese snake fauna. Asiatic Herpetological Research 11: 17–23. BHL Reference page. 

• Kraus, F., Mink, D.G. & Brown, W.M. 1996. Crotaline intergeneric relationships based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Copeia 1996(4): 763–773. DOI: 10.2307/1447637 Reference page. 
• Herrmann, H.-W., Ziegler, T., Malhotra, A., Thorpe, R.S. & Parkinson, C.L. 2004. Redescription and systematics of Trimeresurus cornutus (Serpentes: Viperidae) based on morphology and molecular data. Herpetologica 60(2): 211–221. DOI: 10.1655/03-37 Reference page. 
• Guo, P., Pang, J.-F., Zhang, Y.-P. & Zhao, E.-M. 2006. A Re-analysis of the phylogeny of the genus Protobothrops (Reptilia: Viperidae), with particular reference to the systematic position of P. xiangchengensis. Amphibia-Reptilia 27(3): 433–439. DOI: 10.1163/156853806778189954 Reference page. 
• Orlov, N.L., Ryabov, S.A. & Nguyen, T.T. 2009. Two New Species of Genera Protobothrops Hoge et Romano-Hoge, 1983 and Viridovipera Malhotra et Thorpe, 2004 (Ophidia: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Karst Region in northeastern vietnam. Part I. Description of a New Species of Protobothrops. Russian Journal of Herpetology 16(1): 69–82. DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2009-16-1-69-82 [nonfunctional] Reference page. 
• Yang, J.-H., Orlov, N.L. & Wang, Y.-Y. 2011. A new species of pitviper of the genus Protobothrops from China (Squamata: Viperidae). Zootaxa 2936(1): 59–68. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2936.1.3 Reference page. 
• Liu, Q., Myers, E.A., Zhong, G.-H., Hu, J., Zhao, H. & Guo, P. 2012. Molecular evidence on the systematic position of the lance-headed pitviper Protobothrops maolanensis Yang et al., 2011. Zootaxa 3178(1): 57–62. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3178.1.5 Reference page. 
• Huang, X., Pan, T., Han, D., Zhang, L., Hou, Y.-H., Yu, L., Zheng, H. & Zhang, B. 2012. A New Species of the Genus Protobothrops (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from the Dabie Mountains, Anhui, China. Asian Herpetological Research 3(3): 213–218. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1245.2012.00213 Reference page. 
• Pan, H.-J., Chettri, B., Yang, D., Jiang, K., Wang, K., Zhang, L. & Vogel, G. 2013. A New Species of the Genus Protobothrops (Squamata: Viperidae) from Southern Tibet, China and Sikkim, India. Asian Herpetological Research 4(2): 109–115. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1245.2013.00109 Reference page. 
• Guo, P., Liu, Q., Wen, T., Xiao, R., Fang, M., Zhong, G-H., Nguyen, T.Q., Zhu, F., Jadin, R.C. & Li, C. 2016. Multilocus phylogeny of the Asian Lance-headed pitvipers (Squamata, Viperidae, Protobothrops). Zootaxa 4093(3): 382–390. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4093.3.5.Reference page. 
• Sumontha, M., Vasaruchapong, T., Chomngam, N., Suntrarachun, S., Pawangkhanant, P., Sompan, W., Smit, T., Kunya, K. & Chanhome, L. 2020. Protobothrops kelomohy sp. nov. (Squamata: Viperidae), the Second Known Species of Lance-Headed Pit Viper from Thailand. Tropical Natural History 20(1): 43–59. PDF Reference page. 
• Grassby-Lewis, R.J., Brakels, P., Maury, N., Sitthivong, S., Frohlich, D., Pawangkhanant, P., Idiiatullina, S.S., Nguyen, T.V. & Poyarkov, N.A. 2025. A new endemic karst-associated species of lance-headed pit viper (Squamata, Viperidae, Protobothrops) from Laos. Herpetozoa 38: 43–60. DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.38.e146004 Reference page. 

• Uetz, P., Freed, P., Aguilar, R., F. Reyes, J. Kudera & Hošek, J. (eds.) 2025. Protobothrops . The Reptile Database. Accessed on 18 November 2020.

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