Siphonaptera

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Kingdom: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Mandibulata
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Cladus: Allotriocarida
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Holometabola
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Antliophora
Ordo:
Infraordines: Pulicomorpha – Pygiopsyllomorpha – Hystrichopsyllomorpha – Ceratophyllomorpha

Stem group: Superfamiliae: †Saurophthiroidea

Siphonaptera Latreille, 1825: 334

• Aphaniptera Kirby & Spence, 1815

• Kirby, W. & Spence, W. 1815. An Introduction to entomology: or, Elements of natural history of insects comprising an account of noxious and useful insects, of their metamorphoses, food, strategens, habitations, societies, motions, noises: with plates. Volume I. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, xxiii + 1 + 512 pp., 3 pls. Google Books. Reference page. 
• Latreille, P.A. 1825. Familles naturelles du règne animal, exposées succinctement et dans un ordre analytique, avec l’indication de leurs genres. J.-B. Baillière, Paris, 570 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.34914 . Reference page. 

• Beaucournu, J.-C., Moreno, L. & González-Acuña, D. 2014. Fleas (Insecta-Siphonaptera) of Chile: a review. Zootaxa 3900(2): 151–203. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3900.2.1 ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Galloway, T.D. 2019. Siphonaptera of Canada. Pp 455–462 In Langor, D.W. & Sheffield, C.S. (eds.). The Biota of Canada – A Biodiversity Assessment. Part 1: The Terrestrial Arthropods. ZooKeys 819: 520 pp. Reference page. . DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.819.25458 Reference page. 
• Harimalala, M., Miarinjara, A., Duchemin, J-B., Ramihangihajason, T. & Boyer, S. 2018. Species diversity and phylogeny of fleas of small terrestrial mammals in the forests of the Central Highlands of Madagascar. Zootaxa 4399(2): 181–196. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.3 Reference page. 
• Huang, D.Y., Engel, M.S., Cai, C.Y. & Nel, A. 2013. Mesozoic giant fleas from northeastern China (Siphonaptera): Taxonomy and implications for palaeodiversity. Chinese Science Bulletin 58(14): 1682–1690. DOI: 10.1007/s11434-013-5769-3 . Reference page. 
• Huang, D.-Y., Engel, M.S., Cai, C.-Y., Wu, H. & Nel, A. 2012. Diverse transitional giant fleas from the Mesozoic era of China. Nature 483: 201–204. DOI: 10.1038/nature10839 Reference page. 
• Keskin, A. & Beaucournu, J-C. 2020. Updated list of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) of the Korean Peninsula, with the presence of Rhadinopsylla alphabetica Jameson & Sakaguti in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Zootaxa 4838(2): 248–256. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4838.2.5 Reference page. 
• Keskin, A., Hastriter, M.W. & Beaucournu, J-C. 2018. Fleas (Siphonaptera) of Turkey: species composition, geographical distribution and host associations. Zootaxa 4420(2): 211–228. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4420.2.4 Reference page. 
• Lareschi, M., Sanchez, J. & Autino, A. 2016. A review of the fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) from Argentina. Zootaxa 4103(3): 239–258. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.3.3. Reference page. 
• López Berrizbeitia, M.F., Sánchez, R.T., Barquez, R.M. & Díaz, M.M. 2017. An update on the distribution and nomenclature of fleas (Order Siphonaptera) of bats (Order Chiroptera) and rodents (Order Rodentia) from La Rioja Province, Argentina. ZooKeys 678: 139–154. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.678.12006 Reference page. 
• Rasnitsyn, A.P. & Strelnikova, O.D. 2017. Дыхательная система и биология раннемелового ископаемого Saurophthirus longipes Ponomarenko, 1976 (Insecta, ?Aphaniptera, Saurophthiroidea stat.nov.) [Tracheal system and biology of the Early Cretaceous Saurophthirus longipes Ponomarenko, 1976 (Insecta, ?Aphaniptera, Saurophthiroidea stat. nov.)]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 2017(2): 61–72. (In Russian. English translation: Paleontological Journal 51(2): 171–182. DOI: 10.1134/s0031030117020137 .) Reference page. 
• Sanchez, J.P., Ezquiaga, M.C. & Ruiz, M. 2018. Fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) with public health relevance in domestic pigs (Artiodactyla: Suidae) from Argentina. Zootaxa 4374(1): 144–150. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4374.1.8 Reference page. 
• Whiting, M.F., Whiting, A.S., Hastriter, M.W. & Dittmar, K. 2008. A molecular phylogeny of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera): origins and host associations. Cladistics, 24(5): 677–707. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00211.x PDF. Reference page. 

• Zoological Institute, St.Petersburg: Fleas Home Page[1]

For more multimedia, look at Siphonaptera on Wikimedia Commons.