Spirodela polyrhiza

Spirodela polyrhiza

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Alismatales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Alismatales

Familia: Araceae
Subfamilia: Lemnoideae
Genus: Spirodela
Species:

Name

Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid., Linnaea 13: 392. 1839. (“polyrrhiza”)

Synonyms

  • Basionym
    • Lemna polyrhiza L., Sp. Pl. 2: 970. 1753.
  • Homotypic
    • Lenticula polyrhiza (L.) Lam., Fl. Franç. 2: 189. 1779. (“polyrrhiza”)
    • Telmatophace polyrhiza (L.) Godr., Fl. Lorraine 3: 18. 1844.
  • Heterotypic
    • Lemna orbicularis Kit. ex Schult., Oestr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 64. 1814.
    • Lemna thermalis P.Beauv. ex Nutt., Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 19. 1818.
    • Lemna orbiculata Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 565. 1832.
    • Lemna bannatica Waldst. & Kit. ex Schleid., Linnaea 13: 392. 1839.
    • Lemna major Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 216. 1851.
    • Telmatophace orbicularis (Kit. ex Schult.) Schur, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 70. 1853.
    • Lemna transsilvanica Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 635. 1866, nom. inval., pro syn.
    • Lemna polyrhiza var. concolor Kurz, J. Bot. 5: 115. 1867.
    • Lemna umbonata A.Braun ex Hegelm., Lemnac.: 156. 1868.
    • Spirodela atropurpurea Montandon, Guide Bot. Sundgau: 309. 1868.
    • Lemna maxima Blatt. & Hallb., J. Indian Bot. 2: 49. 1921.
    • Spirodela maxima (Blatt. & Hallb.) McCann, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 158. 1942.
    • Spirodela polyrhiza var. masonii Daubs, Illinois Biol. Monogr. 34: 13. 1965.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Europe
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti (in error, not given in VPG (2013, 2018), Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Belarus, Baltic States, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
  • Continental: Africa
    • Regional: Northern Africa
      • Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia.
    • Regional: Macaronesia
      • Madeira.
    • Regional: West Tropical Africa
      • Benin, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo.
    • Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
      • Burundi, Central African Republic, Congo, Rwanda, Zaïre.
    • Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad, Sudan.
    • Regional: East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
    • Regional: South Tropical Africa
      • Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
    • Regional: Southern Africa
      • Botswana, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State.
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Siberia
      • Altay, Buryatiya, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutiya.
    • Regional: Russian Far East
      • Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin.
    • Regional: Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan.
    • Regional: Caucasus
      • North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
    • Regional: Western Asia
      • Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
    • Regional: China
      • China South-Central (Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan), Manchuria (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning), China North-Central (Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi), Qinghai, China Southeast (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang).
    • Regional: Eastern Asia
      • Japan, Korea, Taiwan.
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical
    • Regional: Indian Subcontinent
      • Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka.
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Thailand.
    • Regional: Malesia
      • Borneo, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Christmas Isle.
  • Continental: Australasia
    • Regional: Australia
      • Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia.
  • Continental: Pacific
    • Regional: North-Central Pacific
      • Hawaii.
  • Continental: Northern America
    • Regional: Western Canada
      • Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan.
    • Regional: Eastern Canada
      • New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Isle, Québec.
    • Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming.
    • Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
      • Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
    • Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah.
    • Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia.
    • Regional: Mexico
      • Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mexican Pacific Islands.
  • Continental: Southern America
    • Regional: Central America
      • Belize, Costa Rica, Central American Pacific Islands, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
    • Regional: Caribbean
      • Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Islands.
    • Regional: Western South America
      • Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Vernacular names

  • беларуская: Многакарэннік звычайны
  • čeština: Závitka mnohokořenná
  • Cymraeg: Llinad mawr
  • Deutsch: Vielwurzelige Teichlinse
  • English: Great Duckweed
  • español: Lenteja de agua
  • eesti: Hulgajuurine vesilääts
  • suomi: Isolimaska
  • hornjoserbsce: Mnohokorjenaty křěk
  • հայերեն: Բադիճուռ, բազմարմատիկ
  • italiano: Spirodela polyrrhiza
  • 日本語: ウキクサ
  • 한국어: 개구리밥
  • lietuvių: Daugiašakė maurė
  • Nederlands: Veelwortelig kroos
  • polski: Spirodela wielokorzeniowa
  • پنجابی: بطخ بوٹی
  • slovenčina: Spirodelka mnohokoreňová
  • svenska: Stor andmat
  • ไทย: แหนเป็ดใหญ่
  • 中文: 紫萍
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