ébranler
French
Etymology
From é- + branler (“to shake”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.bʁɑ̃.le/
Audio: (file) - Homophones: ébranlé, ébranlée, ébranlées, ébranlés, ébranlez
- Rhymes: -e
Verb
ébranler
- (transitive) to shake, rattle
- (transitive) to weaken (health), disturb, unhinge (spirits)
- (reflexive) to move off, set off (of vehicle)
Conjugation
Conjugation of ébranler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | ébranler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | ébranlant /e.bʁɑ̃.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | ébranlé /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
ébranles /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
ébranlons /e.bʁɑ̃.lɔ̃/ |
ébranlez /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ |
ébranlent /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
| imperfect | ébranlais /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ |
ébranlais /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ |
ébranlait /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ |
ébranlions /e.bʁɑ̃.ljɔ̃/ |
ébranliez /e.bʁɑ̃.lje/ |
ébranlaient /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | ébranlai /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ |
ébranlas /e.bʁɑ̃.la/ |
ébranla /e.bʁɑ̃.la/ |
ébranlâmes /e.bʁɑ̃.lam/ |
ébranlâtes /e.bʁɑ̃.lat/ |
ébranlèrent /e.bʁɑ̃.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | ébranlerai /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁe/ |
ébranleras /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁa/ |
ébranlera /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁa/ |
ébranlerons /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɔ̃/ |
ébranlerez /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁe/ |
ébranleront /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | ébranlerais /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ |
ébranlerais /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ |
ébranlerait /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ |
ébranlerions /e.bʁɑ̃.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
ébranleriez /e.bʁɑ̃.lə.ʁje/ |
ébranleraient /e.bʁɑ̃l.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
ébranles /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
ébranlions /e.bʁɑ̃.ljɔ̃/ |
ébranliez /e.bʁɑ̃.lje/ |
ébranlent /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
| imperfect2 | ébranlasse /e.bʁɑ̃.las/ |
ébranlasses /e.bʁɑ̃.las/ |
ébranlât /e.bʁɑ̃.la/ |
ébranlassions /e.bʁɑ̃.la.sjɔ̃/ |
ébranlassiez /e.bʁɑ̃.la.sje/ |
ébranlassent /e.bʁɑ̃.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | ébranle /e.bʁɑ̃l/ |
— | ébranlons /e.bʁɑ̃.lɔ̃/ |
ébranlez /e.bʁɑ̃.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- ébranlable
- ébranlement
- entr’ébranler, entrébranler
- inébranlable
- inébranlé