émuler
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.my.le/
Audio: (file)
Verb
émuler
Conjugation
Conjugation of émuler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | émuler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | émulant /e.my.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | émulé /e.my.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émule /e.myl/ |
émules /e.myl/ |
émule /e.myl/ |
émulons /e.my.lɔ̃/ |
émulez /e.my.le/ |
émulent /e.myl/ |
| imperfect | émulais /e.my.lɛ/ |
émulais /e.my.lɛ/ |
émulait /e.my.lɛ/ |
émulions /e.my.ljɔ̃/ |
émuliez /e.my.lje/ |
émulaient /e.my.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | émulai /e.my.le/ |
émulas /e.my.la/ |
émula /e.my.la/ |
émulâmes /e.my.lam/ |
émulâtes /e.my.lat/ |
émulèrent /e.my.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | émulerai /e.myl.ʁe/ |
émuleras /e.myl.ʁa/ |
émulera /e.myl.ʁa/ |
émulerons /e.myl.ʁɔ̃/ |
émulerez /e.myl.ʁe/ |
émuleront /e.myl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | émulerais /e.myl.ʁɛ/ |
émulerais /e.myl.ʁɛ/ |
émulerait /e.myl.ʁɛ/ |
émulerions /e.my.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
émuleriez /e.my.lə.ʁje/ |
émuleraient /e.myl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émule /e.myl/ |
émules /e.myl/ |
émule /e.myl/ |
émulions /e.my.ljɔ̃/ |
émuliez /e.my.lje/ |
émulent /e.myl/ |
| imperfect2 | émulasse /e.my.las/ |
émulasses /e.my.las/ |
émulât /e.my.la/ |
émulassions /e.my.la.sjɔ̃/ |
émulassiez /e.my.la.sje/ |
émulassent /e.my.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | émule /e.myl/ |
— | émulons /e.my.lɔ̃/ |
émulez /e.my.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “émuler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.