þyrnir
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz (“thorn, sloe”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, from *(s)ter-. Compare Faroese torn, Norwegian Bokmål torn, Danish torn, Swedish törne, Dutch doorn, German Dorn, English thorn.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈθɪrtnɪr/
- Rhymes: -ɪrtnɪr
Noun
þyrnir m (genitive singular þyrnis, nominative plural þyrnar)
Declension
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | þyrnir | þyrnirinn | þyrnar | þyrnarnir |
| accusative | þyrni | þyrninn | þyrna | þyrnana |
| dative | þyrni | þyrninum | þyrnum | þyrnunum |
| genitive | þyrnis | þyrnisins | þyrna | þyrnanna |
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, whence also Old English þorn. From Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).
Noun
þyrnir m (genitive þyrnir, plural þyrnar)
Declension
| masculine | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | þyrnir | þyrnirinn | þyrnar | þyrnarnir |
| accusative | þyrni | þyrninn | þyrna | þyrnana |
| dative | þyrni | þyrninum | þyrnum | þyrnunum |
| genitive | þyrnis | þyrnisins | þyrna | þyrnanna |
Derived terms
- þyrnafullr (“full of thorns”)
- þyrnihjalmr (“thorn-helmet”)
- þyrnikoróna f (“crown of thorns”)
- þyrnitré n (“thorn-bush”)
Descendants
- Icelandic: þyrnir
- Faroese: tyrni- (tyrnikjarr, tyrnirunnur, tyrniviður)
- Norwegian: tyrner
- Old Swedish: thø̄rne, thø̄rn
- Swedish: törne
- Danish: tjørn, tjørne
- → Finnish: tyrni
Further reading
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “þyrnir”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 514; also available at the Internet Archive