Τίρυνς

Ancient Greek

A Pre-Greek name, hinted by the νθ (nth)/-υνθ- (-unth-) suffix. Compare Ζάκυνθος (Zákunthos), Ζώμινθος (Zṓminthos).

Τῑ́ρῠνς • (Tī́rŭns) m (genitive Τῑ́ρῠνθος); third declension

Τίρυνς (Tíruns) is one of very few names of native Ancient Greek origin that contains the ΝΣ digraph. Furthermore, the nominative case has a long acute-accented penultimate vowel and an apparently short final vowel (ΤῙΡῨΝΣ). However, as this situation can normally only yield a circumflex accent in Classical Attic, the fact that an acute accent remains shows that the final vowel is scanned as long. ΝΣ and ΝΖ are not normally viable in Classical Attic and are normally respelt in inflection as just Σ or Ζ while compensatorily lengthening preceding Ᾰ Ε Ῐ Ο Ῠ to Ᾱ ΕΙ Ῑ ΟΥ Ῡ. Therefore, evidence and established grammar suggest that although Classical Attic retained the spelling as Τίρυνς instead of respelling it Τίρῡς (Tírūs), the standard Classical Attic pronunciation of Τίρυνς was to treat it as Τίρῡς.

Third declension of ἡ Τῑ́ρῠνς; τῆς Τῑ́ρῠνθος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Τῑ́ρῠνς hē Tī́rŭns
Genitive	τῆς Τῑ́ρῠνθος tês Tī́rŭnthos
Dative	τῇ Τῑ́ρῠνθῐ tēî Tī́rŭnthĭ
Accusative	τὴν Τῑ́ρῠνθᾰ tḕn Tī́rŭnthă
Vocative	Τῑ́ρῠνς Tī́rŭns
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-tʰs.

“Τίρυνς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,028
Τίρυνς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette