Φωκαιεύς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Φωκᾱεύς (Phōkāeús) — Attic

Etymology

From Φώκαιᾰ (Phṓkaiă, “Phocaea”) +‎ -εύς (-eús, suffix forming demonyms). The twelfth-century Etymologicum Magnum criticises the omission of the ι (i, “iota”) in the form Φωκαεύς (Phōkaeús), whilst acknowledging that such omission is common in terms formed on iota-terminal stems suffixed with -εύς (-eús).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰɔː.kai̯.ěu̯s/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰo.kɛˈeʍs/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸo.cɛˈeɸs/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /fo.ceˈefs/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fo.ceˈefs/

Noun

Φωκαιεύς • (Phōkaieús) m (genitive Φωκαιέως); third declension

an inhabitant of Phocaea or Foça; a Phocaean
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.152
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.163
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.11.17
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.13
- 338 BCE, Demosthenes, Funeral Speech 40.36

Declension

Third declension of ὁ Φωκαιεύς; τοῦ Φωκαιέως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Φωκαιεύς ho Phōkaieús	τὼ Φωκαιῆ tṑ Phōkaiê	οἱ Φωκαιῆς / Φωκαιεῖς hoi Phōkaiês / Phōkaieîs
Genitive	τοῦ Φωκαιέως / Φωκαιῶς toû Phōkaiéōs / Phōkaiôs	τοῖν Φωκαιέοιν toîn Phōkaiéoin	τῶν Φωκαιέων / Φωκαιῶν tôn Phōkaiéōn / Phōkaiôn
Dative	τῷ Φωκαιεῖ tōî Phōkaieî	τοῖν Φωκαιέοιν toîn Phōkaiéoin	τοῖς Φωκαιεῦσῐ / Φωκαιεῦσῐν toîs Phōkaieûsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν Φωκαιέᾱ / Φωκαιᾶ tòn Phōkaiéā / Phōkaiâ	τὼ Φωκαιῆ tṑ Phōkaiê	τοὺς Φωκαιέᾱς / Φωκαιᾶς toùs Phōkaiéās / Phōkaiâs
Vocative	Φωκαιεῦ Phōkaieû	Φωκαιῆ Phōkaiê	Φωκαιῆς / Φωκαιεῖς Phōkaiês / Phōkaieîs
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. The first form is uncontracted, the second contracted.

Related terms

Φωκαιίς (Phōkaiís)
Φωκεύς (Phōkeús)
Φώκιος (Phṓkios)
Φωκίς (Phōkís)
Φῶκος (Phôkos)

Descendants

Greek: Φωκαιεύς (Fokaiéfs)

References

^ Thomas Gaisford, editor (c. 1150), Etymologicon magnum; seu verius, Lexicon saepissime vocabulorum origines indagans, ex pluribus lexicis, scholiastis et grammaticis anonymi cujusdam opera concinnatum. (in Byzantine Greek), Oxonium: Typographeum Academicum, published 1848, s.v. Εὔβοια, column 389, lines 6–13:
Τὸ ἐθνικὸν, Εὐβοεὺς, καθ’ ὑφαίρεσιν τοῦ ι· τὰ γὰρ εἰς α λήγοντα φυλάττει τὴν παραλήγουσαν τοῦ πρωτοτύπου καὶ ἐν τοῖς εἰς ευς· οἷον Ἐλλοπία, Ἐλλοπιεύς· Ὀρθωσία, Ὀρθωσιεύς. Οὕτως καὶ Εὔβοια Εὐβοιεὺς ὤφειλεν εἶναι· οἱ δὲ λέγοντες τὸ Εὐβοεῖς καὶ Φωκαεῖς σὺν τῷ ι ἁμαρτάνουσιν. Ἕοικε δὲ τὰ πολλὰ τοῖς τοιούτοις τὸ ι ἀποβάλλειν, ὡς Νύσσα, Νυσσαεύς· Νίκαια, Νικαεύς.
Tò ethnikòn, Euboeùs, kath’ huphaíresin toû i; tà gàr eis a lḗgonta phuláttei tḕn paralḗgousan toû prōtotúpou kaì en toîs eis eus; hoîon Ellopía, Ellopieús; Orthōsía, Orthōsieús. Hoútōs kaì Eúboia Euboieùs ṓpheilen eînai; hoi dè légontes tò Euboeîs kaì Phōkaeîs sùn tōî i hamartánousin. Héoike dè tà pollà toîs toioútois tò i apobállein, hōs Nússa, Nussaeús; Níkaia, Nikaeús.
The demonym, Εὐβοεύς, [was formed] by omission of the ι; since the words terminating in -α preserve the penult of the root-word, likewise [should] the words in -ευς: as, for instance, Ἐλλοπία, Ἐλλοπιεύς; Ὀρθωσία, Ὀρθωσιεύς. Thus likewise ought Εὔβοια’s [demonym] to be Εὐβοιεύς; and those saying the words Εὐβοεῖς and Φωκαεῖς misspeak regarding the ι. But it seems likely that most words with such features drop the ι, as Νύσσα, Νυσσαεύς; Νίκαια, Νικαεύς.