αἰώνιος
See also: αιώνιος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From αἰών (aiṓn, “age, eon”) + -ιος (-ios, adjective suffix).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ai̯.ɔ̌ː.ni.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɛˈo.ni.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɛˈo.ni.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈo.ni.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈo.ni.os/
Adjective
αἰώνῐος • (aiṓnĭos) m (feminine αἰωνίᾱ, neuter αἰώνῐον); first/second declension
- pertaining to or lasting for a long, indefinite period of time, such as an "age"
- long-lasting, lasting for very long
- of an age long past, of times long ago, having lasted very long, relating to remote antiquity, ancient
- New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 16:25:
- Τῷ δὲ δυναμένῳ ὑμᾶς στηρίξαι κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου καὶ τὸ κήρυγμα Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν μυστηρίου χρόνοις αἰωνίοις σεσιγημένου.
- Tōî dè dunaménōi humâs stēríxai katà tò euangélión mou kaì tò kḗrugma Iēsoû Khristoû, katà apokálupsin mustēríou khrónois aiōníois sesigēménou.
- Now to him that is able to establish you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long times.
- Τῷ δὲ δυναμένῳ ὑμᾶς στηρίξαι κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου καὶ τὸ κήρυγμα Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν μυστηρίου χρόνοις αἰωνίοις σεσιγημένου.
- of an age to come, of a world to come, relating to future times
- lasting for life (e.g. of an office or title)
- 341 BCE – 270 BCE, Epicurus, Principal Doctrines 28:
- ἡ αὐτὴ γνώμη θαρρεῖν τε ἐποίησεν ὑπὲρ τοῦ μηθὲν αἰώνιον εἶναι δεινὸν μηδὲ πολυχρόνιον καὶ τὴν ἐν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ὡρισμένοις ἀσφάλειαν φιλίας μάλιστα κατεῖδε συντελουμένην.
- hē autḕ gnṓmē tharrheîn te epoíēsen hupèr toû mēthèn aiṓnion eînai deinòn mēdè polukhrónion kaì tḕn en autoîs toîs hōrisménois aspháleian philías málista kateîde suntelouménēn.
- The same judgment produces confidence that dreadful things are not life-long, and that security amidst the limited number of dreadful things is most easily achieved through friendship.
- ἡ αὐτὴ γνώμη θαρρεῖν τε ἐποίησεν ὑπὲρ τοῦ μηθὲν αἰώνιον εἶναι δεινὸν μηδὲ πολυχρόνιον καὶ τὴν ἐν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ὡρισμένοις ἀσφάλειαν φιλίας μάλιστα κατεῖδε συντελουμένην.
- perpetual, eternal, everlasting, of metaphysical endlessness, without beginning, without end, without either beginning or end
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 904a:
- ὧδε. ἐπειδὴ κατεῖδεν ἡμῶν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐμψύχους οὔσας τὰς πράξεις ἁπάσας καὶ πολλὴν μὲν ἀρετὴν ἐν αὐταῖς οὖσαν, πολλὴν δὲ κακίαν, ἀνώλεθρον δὲ ὂν γενόμενον, ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ αἰώνιον, ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα, καθάπερ οἱ κατὰ νόμον ὄντες.
- hôde. epeidḕ kateîden hēmôn ho basileùs empsúkhous oúsas tàs práxeis hapásas kaì pollḕn mèn aretḕn en autaîs oûsan, pollḕn dè kakían, anṓlethron dè òn genómenon, all’ ouk aiṓnion, psukhḕn kaì sôma, katháper hoi katà nómon óntes.
- Thus:—Since our King saw that all actions involve soul, and contain much good and much evil, and that body and soul are, when generated, indestructible but not eternal, as are the gods ordained by law.
- ὧδε. ἐπειδὴ κατεῖδεν ἡμῶν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐμψύχους οὔσας τὰς πράξεις ἁπάσας καὶ πολλὴν μὲν ἀρετὴν ἐν αὐταῖς οὖσαν, πολλὴν δὲ κακίαν, ἀνώλεθρον δὲ ὂν γενόμενον, ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ αἰώνιον, ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα, καθάπερ οἱ κατὰ νόμον ὄντες.
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | αἰώνιος aiṓnios |
αἰωνίᾱ aiōníā |
αἰώνιον aiṓnion |
αἰωνίω aiōníō |
αἰωνίᾱ aiōníā |
αἰωνίω aiōníō |
αἰώνιοι aiṓnioi |
αἰώνιαι aiṓniai |
αἰώνιᾰ aiṓniă | |||||
| Genitive | αἰωνίου aiōníou |
αἰωνίᾱς aiōníās |
αἰωνίου aiōníou |
αἰωνίοιν aiōníoin |
αἰωνίαιν aiōníain |
αἰωνίοιν aiōníoin |
αἰωνίων aiōníōn |
αἰωνίων aiōníōn |
αἰωνίων aiōníōn | |||||
| Dative | αἰωνίῳ aiōníōi |
αἰωνίᾳ aiōníāi |
αἰωνίῳ aiōníōi |
αἰωνίοιν aiōníoin |
αἰωνίαιν aiōníain |
αἰωνίοιν aiōníoin |
αἰωνίοις aiōníois |
αἰωνίαις aiōníais |
αἰωνίοις aiōníois | |||||
| Accusative | αἰώνιον aiṓnion |
αἰωνίᾱν aiōníān |
αἰώνιον aiṓnion |
αἰωνίω aiōníō |
αἰωνίᾱ aiōníā |
αἰωνίω aiōníō |
αἰωνίους aiōníous |
αἰωνίᾱς aiōníās |
αἰώνιᾰ aiṓniă | |||||
| Vocative | αἰώνιε aiṓnie |
αἰωνίᾱ aiōníā |
αἰώνιον aiṓnion |
αἰωνίω aiōníō |
αἰωνίᾱ aiōníā |
αἰωνίω aiōníō |
αἰώνιοι aiṓnioi |
αἰώνιαι aiṓniai |
αἰώνιᾰ aiṓniă | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| αἰωνίως aiōníōs |
αἰωνιότερος aiōnióteros |
αἰωνιότᾰτος aiōniótătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Synonyms
- ἀΐδιος (aḯdios)
Derived terms
- αἰωνιότης (aiōniótēs)
References
- “αἰώνιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “αἰώνιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- αἰώνιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- αἰώνιος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- G166 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- continual idem, page 168.
- deathless idem, page 198.
- endless idem, page 273.
- eternal idem, page 284.
- everlasting idem, page 285.
- immortal idem, page 418.
- imperishable idem, page 420.
- interminable idem, page 451.
- permanent idem, page 607.
- perpetual idem, page 607.
- undying idem, page 916.
- unending idem, page 916.
- unfading idem, page 917.