αἴθων

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From αἴθω (aíthō, “to kindle, blaze”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǎi̯.tʰɔːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.tʰon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.θon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.θon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.θon/

Noun

αἴθων • (aíthōn) m or f (genitive αἴθωνος); third declension

an instance of burning, blazing, lightning
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 10.98
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 1.44
a thing which blazes and flashes like burnished metal
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.485
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.184
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.123
- 24, 233
of various animals: horse, lion, bull, eagle, fox
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 11.20
- 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 559D
1. men who are fiery
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 222
  - 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 448

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ αἴθων; τοῦ, τῆς αἴθωνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ αἴθων ho, hē aíthōn	τὼ αἴθωνε tṑ aíthōne	οἱ, αἱ αἴθωνες hoi, hai aíthōnes
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς αἴθωνος toû, tês aíthōnos	τοῖν αἰθώνοιν toîn aithṓnoin	τῶν αἰθώνων tôn aithṓnōn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ αἴθωνῐ tōî, tēî aíthōnĭ	τοῖν αἰθώνοιν toîn aithṓnoin	τοῖς, ταῖς αἴθωσῐ / αἴθωσῐν toîs, taîs aíthōsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν αἴθωνᾰ tòn, tḕn aíthōnă	τὼ αἴθωνε tṑ aíthōne	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς αἴθωνᾰς toùs, tā̀s aíthōnăs
Vocative	αἴθων aíthōn	αἴθωνε aíthōne	αἴθωνες aíthōnes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Participle

αἴθων • (aíthōn) m (feminine αἴθουσᾰ, neuter αἶθον); first/third declension

present active participle of αἴθω (aíthō)

Declension

First and third declension of αἴθων; αἴθουσᾰ; αἶθον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	αἴθων aíthōn	αἴθουσᾰ aíthousă	αἶθον aîthon	αἴθοντε aíthonte	αἰθούσᾱ aithoúsā	αἴθοντε aíthonte	αἴθοντες aíthontes	αἴθουσαι aíthousai	αἴθοντᾰ aíthontă
Genitive	αἴθοντος aíthontos	αἰθούσης aithoúsēs	αἴθοντος aíthontos	αἰθόντοιν aithóntoin	αἰθούσαιν aithoúsain	αἰθόντοιν aithóntoin	αἰθόντων aithóntōn	αἰθουσῶν aithousôn	αἰθόντων aithóntōn
Dative	αἴθοντῐ aíthontĭ	αἰθούσῃ aithoúsēi	αἴθοντῐ aíthontĭ	αἰθόντοιν aithóntoin	αἰθούσαιν aithoúsain	αἰθόντοιν aithóntoin	αἴθουσῐ / αἴθουσῐν aíthousĭ(n)	αἰθούσαις aithoúsais	αἴθουσῐ / αἴθουσῐν aíthousĭ(n)
Accusative	αἴθοντᾰ aíthontă	αἴθουσᾰν aíthousăn	αἶθον aîthon	αἴθοντε aíthonte	αἰθούσᾱ aithoúsā	αἴθοντε aíthonte	αἴθοντᾰς aíthontăs	αἰθούσᾱς aithoúsās	αἴθοντᾰ aíthontă
Vocative	αἴθων aíthōn	αἴθουσᾰ aíthousă	αἶθον aîthon	αἴθοντε aíthonte	αἰθούσᾱ aithoúsā	αἴθοντε aíthonte	αἴθοντες aíthontes	αἴθουσαι aíthousai	αἴθοντᾰ aíthontă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	αἰθόντως aithóntōs			—			—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.