αἶσα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to give, take”), whence also αἰτέω (aitéō, “to ask for, beg”) and *αἶτος (*aîtos, “something given: allotment, share”), + the suffix +‎ -ῐᾰ (-ĭă). Cognate with Oscan aitis (“part, portion”);^[1] likely related to οἶτος (oîtos). For a semantic parallel (from a different root), compare Proto-Germanic *hlutą (“lot; fate”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âi̯.sa/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.sa/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.sa/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.sa/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.sa/

Noun

αἶσᾰ • (aîsă) f (genitive αἴσης); first declension

destiny, fate
Synonyms: μοῖρα (moîra), οἶτος (oîtos), τύχη (túkhē)
(personified) a goddess of destiny
portion, morsel

Declension

First declension of ἡ αἶσᾰ; τῆς αἴσης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ αἶσᾰ hē aîsă	τὼ αἴσᾱ tṑ aísā	αἱ αἶσαι hai aîsai
Genitive	τῆς αἴσης tês aísēs	τοῖν αἴσαιν toîn aísain	τῶν αἰσῶν tôn aisôn
Dative	τῇ αἴσῃ tēî aísēi	τοῖν αἴσαιν toîn aísain	ταῖς αἴσαις taîs aísais
Accusative	τὴν αἶσᾰν tḕn aîsăn	τὼ αἴσᾱ tṑ aísā	τᾱ̀ς αἴσᾱς tā̀s aísās
Vocative	αἶσᾰ aîsă	αἴσᾱ aísā	αἶσαι aîsai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

αἰσιμία (aisimía)
αἴσιμος (aísimos)
αἴσιος (aísios)
αἰσυμνάω (aisumnáō)
αἰσυμνήτης (aisumnḗtēs)
Αἴσωπος (Aísōpos)
ἀναίσιμος (anaísimos)
ἐναίσιμος (enaísimos)
καταίσιμος (kataísimos)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἶσα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43

“αἶσα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
αἶσα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“αἶσα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- doom idem, page 247.
- fate idem, page 309.
- lot idem, page 501.
αἶσα, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἶσα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43

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