αὖλαξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἄλοξ (álox), ὦλαξ (ôlax) (Doric)

Etymology

The word has been compared with Lithuanian vilkti (“to drag, haul”) and Proto-Slavic *velťi (“to draw”). Beekes claims that the variants point to a Pre-Greek origin, in particular a form *alʷ-ak-.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âu̯.laks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈaw.laks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.βlaks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vlaks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vlaks/

Noun

αὖλᾰξ • (aûlăx) f (genitive αὔλᾰκος); third declension

furrow

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ αὖλᾰξ; τῆς αὔλᾰκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ αὖλᾰξ hē aûlăx	τὼ αὔλᾰκε tṑ aúlăke	αἱ αὔλᾰκες hai aúlăkes
Genitive	τῆς αὔλᾰκος tês aúlăkos	τοῖν αὐλᾰ́κοιν toîn aulắkoin	τῶν αὐλᾰ́κων tôn aulắkōn
Dative	τῇ αὔλᾰκῐ tēî aúlăkĭ	τοῖν αὐλᾰ́κοιν toîn aulắkoin	ταῖς αὔλᾰξῐ / αὔλᾰξῐν taîs aúlăxĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν αὔλᾰκᾰ tḕn aúlăkă	τὼ αὔλᾰκε tṑ aúlăke	τᾱ̀ς αὔλᾰκᾰς tā̀s aúlăkăs
Vocative	αὖλᾰξ aûlăx	αὔλᾰκε aúlăke	αὔλᾰκες aúlăkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

αὐλακεργάτης (aulakergátēs)
αὐλακίζω (aulakízō)
αὐλακισμός (aulakismós)
αὐλακοειδής (aulakoeidḗs)
αὐλακόεις (aulakóeis)
αὐλακοτομέω (aulakotoméō)
αὐλακώδης (aulakṓdēs)

Descendants

⇒ Greek: αύλακα (ávlaka), αυλάκι (avláki) (from a Koine diminutive αὐλάκιον (aulákion))
→ Latin: aulax

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄλοξ, -κος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 73–74
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 6