βράγχος

See also: βραγχός and Βράγχος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

βάραγχος (bárankhos), βράγχη (bránkhē)

Etymology

The resemblance with βρόγχος (brónkhos, “windpipe”) may have caused the semantic shift of βράγχιον (bránkhion, “fin; gill”). Furnée connects the word with βραχώδης (brakhṓdēs, “rough, harsh”), βρακίας (brakías, “rough places”) and βαρακινῇσιν (barakinēîsin, “thorns, palisade”). This shows a set of variants βρακ-/βραχ-/βραγχ- which are typical of Pre-Greek. The additional -α- in the first syllable of βάραγχος (bárankhos) may be due to purely phonetic epenthesis, but this type of variation, too, is frequent in Pre-Greek words as well.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bráŋ.kʰos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈbraŋ.kʰos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβraŋ.xos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈvraŋ.xos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈvraŋ.xos/

Noun

βρᾰ́γχος • (brắnkhos) m (genitive βρᾰ́γχου); second declension

hoarseness or sore throat causing it
(pathology) kind of disease of swine, either anthrax or foot-and-mouth disease

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ βρᾰ́γχος; τοῦ βρᾰ́γχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ βρᾰ́γχος ho brắnkhos	τὼ βρᾰ́γχω tṑ brắnkhō	οἱ βρᾰ́γχοι hoi brắnkhoi
Genitive	τοῦ βρᾰ́γχου toû brắnkhou	τοῖν βρᾰ́γχοιν toîn brắnkhoin	τῶν βρᾰ́γχων tôn brắnkhōn
Dative	τῷ βρᾰ́γχῳ tōî brắnkhōi	τοῖν βρᾰ́γχοιν toîn brắnkhoin	τοῖς βρᾰ́γχοις toîs brắnkhois
Accusative	τὸν βρᾰ́γχον tòn brắnkhon	τὼ βρᾰ́γχω tṑ brắnkhō	τοὺς βρᾰ́γχους toùs brắnkhous
Vocative	βρᾰ́γχε brắnkhe	βρᾰ́γχω brắnkhō	βρᾰ́γχοι brắnkhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

βραγχαλέος (brankhaléos)
βραγχάω (brankháō)
βραγχεία (brankheía)
βραγχοειδής (brankhoeidḗs)
βραγχός (brankhós)
βραγχώδης (brankhṓdēs)