βραχίων
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s, “short”) + -ίων (-íōn), because the upper arm is shorter than the forearm.
Pronunciation
For the noun, and for the adjective in Attic:
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bra.kʰǐː.ɔːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /braˈkʰi.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βraˈçi.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vraˈçi.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vraˈçi.on/
For the adjective in Ionic:
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bra.kʰí.ɔːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /braˈkʰi.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βraˈçi.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vraˈçi.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vraˈçi.on/
Noun
βρᾰχῑ́ων • (brăkhī́ōn) m (genitive βρᾰχῑ́ονος); third declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ βρᾰχῑ́ων ho brăkhī́ōn |
τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε tṑ brăkhī́one |
οἱ βρᾰχῑ́ονες hoi brăkhī́ones | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ βρᾰχῑ́ονος toû brăkhī́onos |
τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν toîn brăkhīónoin |
τῶν βρᾰχῑόνων tôn brăkhīónōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ tōî brăkhī́onĭ |
τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν toîn brăkhīónoin |
τοῖς βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν toîs brăkhī́osĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ tòn brăkhī́onă |
τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε tṑ brăkhī́one |
τοὺς βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰς toùs brăkhī́onăs | ||||||||||
| Vocative | βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονες brăkhī́ones | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- πρυμνὸς βρᾰχῑ́ων (prumnòs brăkhī́ōn, “shoulder”)
Descendants
- → Latin: bracchium (see there for further descendants)
- Translingual: ⇒ Eubrachion, → Brachionus
Adjective
βρᾰχίων • (brăkhíōn) m or f (neuter βρᾰχίον); third declension
- comparative degree of βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s): shorter
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | βρᾰχῑ́ων brăkhī́ōn |
βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονες / βρᾰχῑ́ους brăkhī́ones / brăkhī́ous |
βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō | ||||||||
| Genitive | βρᾰχῑ́ονος brăkhī́onos |
βρᾰχῑ́ονος brăkhī́onos |
βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin |
βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin |
βρᾰχῑόνων brăkhīónōn |
βρᾰχῑόνων brăkhīónōn | ||||||||
| Dative | βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ brăkhī́onĭ |
βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ brăkhī́onĭ |
βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin |
βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin |
βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν brăkhī́osĭ(n) |
βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν brăkhī́osĭ(n) | ||||||||
| Accusative | βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō |
βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰς / βρᾰχῑ́ους brăkhī́onăs / brăkhī́ous |
βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō | ||||||||
| Vocative | βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon |
βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one |
βρᾰχῑ́ονες / βρᾰχῑ́ους brăkhī́ones / brăkhī́ous |
βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon |
— | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | βρᾰχῐ́ων brăkhĭ́ōn |
βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on |
βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one |
βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one |
βρᾰχῐ́ονες brăkhĭ́ones |
βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă | ||||||||
| Genitive | βρᾰχῐ́ονος brăkhĭ́onos |
βρᾰχῐ́ονος brăkhĭ́onos |
βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin |
βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin |
βρᾰχῐόνων brăkhĭónōn |
βρᾰχῐόνων brăkhĭónōn | ||||||||
| Dative | βρᾰχῐ́ονῐ brăkhĭ́onĭ |
βρᾰχῐ́ονῐ brăkhĭ́onĭ |
βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin |
βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin |
βρᾰχῐ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῐ́οσῐν brăkhĭ́osĭ(n) |
βρᾰχῐ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῐ́οσῐν brăkhĭ́osĭ(n) | ||||||||
| Accusative | βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă |
βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on |
βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one |
βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one |
βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰς brăkhĭ́onăs |
βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă | ||||||||
| Vocative | βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on |
βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on |
βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one |
βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one |
βρᾰχῐ́ονες brăkhĭ́ones |
βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on |
— | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Further reading
Further reading
- “βρᾰχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (noun)
- “βρᾰχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (adjective)
- “βραχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βραχίων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- βραχίων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- βραχίων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- βραχίων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- G1023 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- βραχίων in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 40
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βραχίων, -ονος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236