γογγύλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The formation is similar to στρογγύλος (strongúlos), ἀγκύλος (ankúlos), and καμπύλος (kampúlos). The etymology is unknown: a connection with Old Norse kǫkkr (“clump”) is highly doubtful, as is the comparison with Lithuanian gungulỹs (“ball”); nor does a relationship with γιγγίς (gingís, “kind of turnip”) seem probable.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡoŋ.ɡý.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡoŋˈɡy.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣoɲˈɟy.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣoɲˈɟy.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣoɲˈɟi.los/

Adjective

γογγῠ́λος • (gongŭ́los) m (feminine γογγῠ́λη, neuter γογγῠ́λον); first/second declension

round, spherical
Synonym: στρογγύλος (strongúlos)

Inflection

First and second declension of γογγῠ́λος; γογγῠ́λη; γογγῠ́λον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	γογγῠ́λος gongŭ́los	γογγῠ́λη gongŭ́lē	γογγῠ́λον gongŭ́lon	γογγῠ́λω gongŭ́lō	γογγῠ́λᾱ gongŭ́lā	γογγῠ́λω gongŭ́lō	γογγῠ́λοι gongŭ́loi	γογγῠ́λαι gongŭ́lai	γογγῠ́λᾰ gongŭ́lă
Genitive	γογγῠ́λου gongŭ́lou	γογγῠ́λης gongŭ́lēs	γογγῠ́λου gongŭ́lou	γογγῠ́λοιν gongŭ́loin	γογγῠ́λαιν gongŭ́lain	γογγῠ́λοιν gongŭ́loin	γογγῠ́λων gongŭ́lōn	γογγῠ́λων gongŭ́lōn	γογγῠ́λων gongŭ́lōn
Dative	γογγῠ́λῳ gongŭ́lōi	γογγῠ́λῃ gongŭ́lēi	γογγῠ́λῳ gongŭ́lōi	γογγῠ́λοιν gongŭ́loin	γογγῠ́λαιν gongŭ́lain	γογγῠ́λοιν gongŭ́loin	γογγῠ́λοις gongŭ́lois	γογγῠ́λαις gongŭ́lais	γογγῠ́λοις gongŭ́lois
Accusative	γογγῠ́λον gongŭ́lon	γογγῠ́λην gongŭ́lēn	γογγῠ́λον gongŭ́lon	γογγῠ́λω gongŭ́lō	γογγῠ́λᾱ gongŭ́lā	γογγῠ́λω gongŭ́lō	γογγῠ́λους gongŭ́lous	γογγῠ́λᾱς gongŭ́lās	γογγῠ́λᾰ gongŭ́lă
Vocative	γογγῠ́λε gongŭ́le	γογγῠ́λη gongŭ́lē	γογγῠ́λον gongŭ́lon	γογγῠ́λω gongŭ́lō	γογγῠ́λᾱ gongŭ́lā	γογγῠ́λω gongŭ́lō	γογγῠ́λοι gongŭ́loi	γογγῠ́λαι gongŭ́lai	γογγῠ́λᾰ gongŭ́lă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	γογγῠ́λως gongŭ́lōs			γογγῠλώτερος gongŭlṓteros			γογγῠλώτᾰτος gongŭlṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

γογγυλάτης (gongulátēs)
γογγύλη (gongúlē)
γογγυλίδιον (gongulídion)
γογγυλίζω (gongulízō)
γογγυλίς (gongulís)
γογγυλοειδής (gonguloeidḗs)
γογγυλόρυγχος (gongulórunkhos)
γογγυλόσκηνος (gongulóskēnos)
γογγυλοσπάραγον (gongulospáragon)
γογγυλώδης (gongulṓdēs)
γογγυλώματα (gongulṓmata)
γογγυλωπός (gongulōpós)

Descendants

Latin: gongylus
Italian: gongilo

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γογγύλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281