κάλαμος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos (“reed, straw”) via its zero-grade stem (such as genitive *ḱl̥h₂mós, with a shift in accent to *ḱĺ̥h₂mos), or (according to Beekes) independently thematicized from an original ablauting paradigm *ḱólh₂-m̥ ~ *ḱl̥h₂-ém-. Cognates include Latin culmus, Russian соло́ма (solóma), Old Norse halmr, and Old English healm (English haulm).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

κᾰ́λᾰμος • (kắlămos) m (genitive κᾰλᾰ́μου); second declension

  1. a reed
  2. anything made of reed or cane
    1. staff, rod
    2. measuring rod
    3. pen
    4. flute
    5. shaft of an arrow
  3. collectively, of plants, which are neither bush, nor tree

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κᾰ́λᾰμος; τοῦ κᾰλᾰ́μου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ κᾰ́λᾰμος
ho kắlămos 		τὼ κᾰλᾰ́μω
tṑ kălắmō 		οἱ κᾰ́λᾰμοι
hoi kắlămoi
Genitive τοῦ κᾰλᾰ́μου
toû kălắmou 		τοῖν κᾰλᾰ́μοιν
toîn kălắmoin 		τῶν κᾰλᾰ́μων
tôn kălắmōn
Dative τῷ κᾰλᾰ́μῳ
tōî kălắmōi 		τοῖν κᾰλᾰ́μοιν
toîn kălắmoin 		τοῖς κᾰλᾰ́μοις
toîs kălắmois
Accusative τὸν κᾰ́λᾰμον
tòn kắlămon 		τὼ κᾰλᾰ́μω
tṑ kălắmō 		τοὺς κᾰλᾰ́μους
toùs kălắmous
Vocative κᾰ́λᾰμε
kắlăme 		κᾰλᾰ́μω
kălắmō 		κᾰ́λᾰμοι
kắlămoi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Greek: κάλαμος (kálamos) (learned)
  • → Arabic: قَلَم (qalam) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Old Armenian: կալամոն (kalamon)
  • → Hebrew: קולמוס (kulmus), קלמרין (kalmarin) (> קלמר (kalmar))
  • → Latin: calamus (see there for further descendants)
  • → Sanskrit: कलम (kalama)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κάλαμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 621–622

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos); doublet of καλάμι (kalámi) and καλέμι (kalémi). Also see καλαμάρι (kalamári).
The figurative sense, a Semantic loan from French plume.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈka.la.mos/
  • Hyphenation: κά‧λα‧μος

Noun

κάλαμος • (kálamos) m (plural κάλαμοι)

  1. (formal) reed pen
  2. (formal) reed, cane
  3. (figurative) literary art of a writer

Declension

Declension of κάλαμος
singular plural
nominative κάλαμος (kálamos) κάλαμοι (kálamoi)
genitive καλάμου (kalámou) καλάμων (kalámon)
accusative κάλαμο (kálamo) καλάμους (kalámous)
vocative κάλαμε (kálame) κάλαμοι (kálamoi)
  • καλάμι n (kalámi, “reed, fishing rod, shin”) & related e.g. καλαμιά f (kalamiá, “reed”), καλαμάκι n (kalamáki, “small rod, skewer”)
  • καλαμοειδής (kalamoeidís)
  • Κάλαμος m (Kálamos) (placename, especially of resort near Athens)
  • καλαμώδης m (kalamódis)

See also

References

  1. ^ κάλαμος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
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