καρκίνος

See also: Καρκίνος and Κάρκινος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. Could be from a Proto-Indo-European *karkros, with cognates including Latin cancer, and possibly Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa), although relationship with the latter is less certain. There are elements which point to a non-Indo-European origin, perhaps Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

καρκῐ́νος • (karkĭ́nos) m (genitive καρκῐ́νου); second declension

  1. crab
  2. Cancer, the zodiac sign
  3. sore, ulcer, cancer
  4. items which resemble a crab's pincers
    1. pair of pincers, a type of torture instrument
    2. temple bones
    3. type of shoe
    4. type of bandage
    5. pair of compasses
    6. distillery

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ καρκῐ́νος; τοῦ καρκῐ́νου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ καρκῐ́νος
ho karkĭ́nos 		τὼ καρκῐ́νω
tṑ karkĭ́nō 		οἱ καρκῐ́νᾰ
hoi karkĭ́nă
Genitive τοῦ καρκῐ́νου
toû karkĭ́nou 		τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν
toîn karkĭ́noin 		τῶν καρκῐ́νων
tôn karkĭ́nōn
Dative τῷ καρκῐ́νῳ
tōî karkĭ́nōi 		τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν
toîn karkĭ́noin 		τοῖς καρκῐ́νοις
toîs karkĭ́nois
Accusative τὸν καρκῐ́νον
tòn karkĭ́non 		τὼ καρκῐ́νω
tṑ karkĭ́nō 		τοὺς καρκῐ́νᾰ
toùs karkĭ́nă
Vocative καρκῐ́νε
karkĭ́ne 		καρκῐ́νω
karkĭ́nō 		καρκῐ́νᾰ
karkĭ́nă
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Note the irregular plurals

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Old Armenian: կարակին (karakin), կարկին (karkin)
  • → English: carcino-
  • Translingual: → Carcinus

References

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /karˈci.nos/
  • Hyphenation: καρ‧κί‧νος

Noun

καρκίνος • (karkínos) m (plural καρκίνοι)

  1. (medicine) cancer (disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation)
  2. crab
    Synonyms: κάβουρας m (kávouras), καβούρι n (kavoúri)
  3. (astronomy, astrology) Cancer

Declension

Declension of καρκίνος
singular plural
nominative καρκίνος (karkínos) καρκίνοι (karkínoi)
genitive καρκίνου (karkínou) καρκίνων (karkínon)
accusative καρκίνο (karkíno) καρκίνους (karkínous)
vocative καρκίνε (karkíne) καρκίνοι (karkínoi)
  • αντικαρκινικός (antikarkinikós, “anticancer”, adjective)
  • καρκινική γραφή f (karkinikí grafí, “palindrome”)
  • καρκινική επιγραφή f (karkinikí epigrafí, “palindrome”)
  • καρκινικός (karkinikós, “cancer”, adjective)
  • καρκινικός στίχος m (karkinikós stíchos, “palindrome”)
  • καρκινοβασία (karkinovasía, “backward movement”)
  • καρκινοβατώ (karkinovató, “to move crabwise”)
  • καρκινογένεση f (karkinogénesi, “carcinogenesis”)
  • καρκινογόνος (karkinogónos, “carcinogenic”, adjective)
  • καρκινοειδή f (karkinoeidí, “crustacean”)
  • καρκινοειδής (karkinoeidís, “crustacean”, adjective)
  • καρκινολογία f (karkinología, “cancer research”)
  • καρκινολόγος m (karkinológos, “cancer specialist”)
  • καρκινοπαθής (karkinopathís, “cancer patient”, adjective)
  • καρκινοφοβία f (karkinofovía, “cancerphobia”)
  • καρκινώδης (karkinódis, “cancerous”, adjective)
  • καρκίνωμα n (karkínoma, “carcinoma, cancerous growth”)
  • καρκινωματώδης (karkinomatódis, “cancerous”, adjective)
  • προκαρκινικός (prokarkinikós, “precancerous”, adjective)

Further reading

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