καῖρος

See also: καιρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes, “a technical expression of unclear meaning and therefore etymologically difficult.” According to Petersson, it is related to Old Armenian սարիք (sarikʻ, “sling, rope”) as well as to սարդ (sard, “spider”), while Cimochowski connected it with Albanian thur (“twine, weave”). All these connections derive from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“to plait, weave”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kâi̯.ros/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɛ.ros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcɛ.ros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈce.ros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈce.ros/

Noun

καῖρος • (kaîros) m (genitive καίρου); second declension

row of thrums in the loom, ravel

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ καῖρος; τοῦ καίρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ καῖρος ho kaîros	τὼ καίρω tṑ kaírō	οἱ καῖροι hoi kaîroi
Genitive	τοῦ καίρου toû kaírou	τοῖν καίροιν toîn kaíroin	τῶν καίρων tôn kaírōn
Dative	τῷ καίρῳ tōî kaírōi	τοῖν καίροιν toîn kaíroin	τοῖς καίροις toîs kaírois
Accusative	τὸν καῖρον tòn kaîron	τὼ καίρω tṑ kaírō	τοὺς καίρους toùs kaírous
Vocative	καῖρε kaîre	καίρω kaírō	καῖροι kaîroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

καιρόω (kairóō)
καίρωσις (kaírōsis)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “καῖρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 617

“καῖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“καῖρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
καῖρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
καῖρος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “καῖρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 617

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