κοτύλη

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κότυλος (kótulos)

Etymology

Furnée asserted a relation to Latin catīnus (“flat dish”), claiming that the deviation in vowel and formation suggests that they are independent loans from a third party, and adducing κόνδυ (kóndu, “cup”) and κονδύλιον (kondúlion), with the observation that -υλη (-ulē) is a well-known suffix in Pre-Greek.^[1]

A widespread wanderword is also probable given Sanskrit कुन्तल (kuntala, “drinking-cup”), कन्दु (kandu, “vessel”), करताल (karatāla, “cymbals”), and other nearby forms.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ko.tý.lɛː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /koˈty.le̝/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /koˈty.li/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /koˈty.li/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /koˈti.li/

Noun

κοτῠ́λη • (kotŭ́lē) f (genitive κοτῠ́λης); first declension

small vessel, cup
(anatomy) socket of a joint
liquid measure, nearly a half-pint
hollow of the hand
(in the plural) cymbals

Inflection

First declension of ἡ κοτῠ́λη; τῆς κοτῠ́λης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κοτῠ́λη hē kotŭ́lē	τὼ κοτῠ́λᾱ tṑ kotŭ́lā	αἱ κοτῠ́λαι hai kotŭ́lai
Genitive	τῆς κοτῠ́λης tês kotŭ́lēs	τοῖν κοτῠ́λαιν toîn kotŭ́lain	τῶν κοτῠλῶν tôn kotŭlôn
Dative	τῇ κοτῠ́λῃ tēî kotŭ́lēi	τοῖν κοτῠ́λαιν toîn kotŭ́lain	ταῖς κοτῠ́λαις taîs kotŭ́lais
Accusative	τὴν κοτῠ́λην tḕn kotŭ́lēn	τὼ κοτῠ́λᾱ tṑ kotŭ́lā	τᾱ̀ς κοτῠ́λᾱς tā̀s kotŭ́lās
Vocative	κοτῠ́λη kotŭ́lē	κοτῠ́λᾱ kotŭ́lā	κοτῠ́λαι kotŭ́lai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

δικότυλος (dikótulos)
ἑπτακότυλος (heptakótulos)
ἡμικοτύλη (hēmikotúlē)
κοτύλεα (kotúlea)
κοτυληδών (kotulēdṓn)
κοτυλήρυτος (kotulḗrutos)
κοτυλιαῖος (kotuliaîos)
κοτυλίδιον (kotulídion)
κοτυλίζω (kotulízō)
κοτυλίς (kotulís)
κοτυλίσκος (kotulískos)
κοτυλισμός (kotulismós)
κοτυλιστής (kotulistḗs)
κοτυλιστί (kotulistí)
κοτυλοειδής (kotuloeidḗs)
κοτυλώδης (kotulṓdēs)
κοτύλων (kotúlōn)

Descendants

→ Catalan: còtila
→ English: kotyle, kotylos
→ Latin: cotyla, cotula, cotylē
- Aromanian: ciuturã
- Italian: ciotola
- Megleno-Romanian: ciutură
- Romanian: ciutură, citură — archaic, rare
  (some are from Aromanian)
  - → Albanian: çotrë, çutrë, çuturë, çutër (obsolete)
  - → Bulgarian: чу́тура (čútura), чо́тра (čótra), чо́тура (čótura)
  - → Czech: čutora
  - → Gagauz:
    Cyrillic script: чотра
    Latin script: çotra
  - → Greek: τσότρα (tsótra), τσιότρα (tsiótra)
  - → Hungarian: csutora
  - → Macedonian: чутура (čutura), чотра (čotra) — Drama dialect
  - → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: чу̀тура
    Latin script: čùtura
  - → Slovak: čutora
  - → Slovene: čútara
  - → Ottoman Turkish: چوتوره (çotura), چوتره (çotura, çotra)
    - Turkish: çotra
  - → Ukrainian: чуто́ра (čutóra), чіту́ра (čitúra) (Transcarpathian, archaic)
- Sicilian: ciòtula
- → English: cotyle, cotyla
→ New Latin: cotylus (learned), e.g. →⇒ English: hecto-cotylus
→ Old Armenian: կոտիւղ (kotiwł)
→ Old Georgian: კოტჳლი (ḳoṭwili)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κοτύλη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 763