κράμβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The word has been compared with Old High German (h)rimfan (“to wrinkle, curb”). However, Furnée compares κραῦρος (kraûros, “fragile, frail”), assuming it is a form without prenasalization and with "υ" for "β". He also adduces κόμβος (kómbos, “ball, swlling; dry, parched”) and perhaps κράβυζος (krábuzos, “kind of shellfish”). Therefore the word is from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Adjective

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (feminine κράμβη, neuter κράμβον); first/second declension

dry
loud, ringing (of sound)

Inflection

First and second declension of κρᾰ́μβος; κρᾰ́μβη; κρᾰ́μβον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κρᾰ́μβος krắmbos	κρᾰ́μβη krắmbē	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krắmbā	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krắmboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krắmbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krắmbă
Genitive	κρᾰ́μβου krắmbou	κρᾰ́μβης krắmbēs	κρᾰ́μβου krắmbou	κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krắmbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin	κρᾰ́μβων krắmbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krắmbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krắmbōn
Dative	κρᾰ́μβῳ krắmbōi	κρᾰ́μβῃ krắmbēi	κρᾰ́μβῳ krắmbōi	κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krắmbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin	κρᾰ́μβοις krắmbois	κρᾰ́μβαις krắmbais	κρᾰ́μβοις krắmbois
Accusative	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon	κρᾰ́μβην krắmbēn	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krắmbā	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβους krắmbous	κρᾰ́μβᾱς krắmbās	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krắmbă
Vocative	κρᾰ́μβε krắmbe	κρᾰ́μβη krắmbē	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krắmbā	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krắmboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krắmbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krắmbă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κρᾰ́μβως krắmbōs			κρᾰμβότερος krămbóteros			κρᾰμβότᾰτος krămbótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κραμβαλέος (krambaléos)
κραμβαλίζω (krambalízō)

Noun

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (genitive κράμβου); second declension

blight in grapes, when they shrivel before they are ripe

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κρᾰ́μβος; τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρᾰ́μβος ho krắmbos	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krắmbō	οἱ κρᾰ́μβοι hoi krắmboi
Genitive	τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου toû krắmbou	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krắmboin	τῶν κρᾰ́μβων tôn krắmbōn
Dative	τῷ κρᾰ́μβῳ tōî krắmbōi	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krắmboin	τοῖς κρᾰ́μβοις toîs krắmbois
Accusative	τὸν κρᾰ́μβον tòn krắmbon	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krắmbō	τοὺς κρᾰ́μβους toùs krắmbous
Vocative	κρᾰ́μβε krắmbe	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krắmboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Translingual: Crambus

References

“κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κράμβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN