κύρω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κυρέω (kuréō)

Etymology

Unknown. Beekes rejects connections to καιρός (kairós, “measure; season”) and κυρίττω (kuríttō, “to butt with the horns”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ky̌ː.rɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.ro/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.ro/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.ro/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.ro/

Verb

κῡ́ρω • (kū́rō)

Conjugation

Present: κῡ́ρω, κῡ́ρομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κῡ́ρω	κῡ́ρεις	κῡ́ρει	κῡ́ρετον	κῡ́ρετον	κῡ́ρομεν	κῡ́ρετε	κῡ́ρουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κῡ́ρω	κῡ́ρῃς	κῡ́ρῃ	κῡ́ρητον	κῡ́ρητον	κῡ́ρωμεν	κῡ́ρητε	κῡ́ρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κῡ́ροιμῐ	κῡ́ροις	κῡ́ροι	κῡ́ροιτον	κῡροίτην	κῡ́ροιμεν	κῡ́ροιτε	κῡ́ροιεν
	imperative		κῦρε	κῡρέτω	κῡ́ρετον	κῡρέτων		κῡ́ρετε	κῡρόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	κῡ́ρομαι	κῡ́ρῃ / κῡ́ρει	κῡ́ρεται	κῡ́ρεσθον	κῡ́ρεσθον	κῡρόμεθᾰ	κῡ́ρεσθε	κῡ́ρονται
	subjunctive	κῡ́ρωμαι	κῡ́ρῃ	κῡ́ρηται	κῡ́ρησθον	κῡ́ρησθον	κῡρώμεθᾰ	κῡ́ρησθε	κῡ́ρωνται
	optative	κῡροίμην	κῡ́ροιο	κῡ́ροιτο	κῡ́ροισθον	κῡροίσθην	κῡροίμεθᾰ	κῡ́ροισθε	κῡ́ροιντο
	imperative		κῡ́ρου	κῡρέσθω	κῡ́ρεσθον	κῡρέσθων		κῡ́ρεσθε	κῡρέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		κῡ́ρειν				κῡ́ρεσθαι
participle	m	κῡ́ρων				κῡρόμενος
	f	κῡ́ρουσᾰ				κῡρομένη
	n	κῦρον				κῡρόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἔκῡρον, ἐκῡρόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔκῡρον	ἔκῡρες	ἔκῡρε(ν)	ἐκῡ́ρετον	ἐκῡρέτην	ἐκῡ́ρομεν	ἐκῡ́ρετε	ἔκῡρον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκῡρόμην	ἐκῡ́ρου	ἐκῡ́ρετο	ἐκῡ́ρεσθον	ἐκῡρέσθην	ἐκῡρόμεθᾰ	ἐκῡ́ρεσθε	ἐκῡ́ροντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: κῦρον, κῡρόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κῦρον	κῦρες	κῦρε(ν)	κῡ́ρετον	κῡρέτην	κῡ́ρομεν	κῡ́ρετε	κῦρον
middle/ passive	indicative	κῡρόμην	κῡ́ρου	κῡ́ρετο	κῡ́ρεσθον	κῡρέσθην	κῡρόμε(σ)θᾰ	κῡ́ρεσθε	κῡ́ροντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: κῡ́ρσω, κῡ́ρσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κῡ́ρσω	κῡ́ρσεις	κῡ́ρσει	κῡ́ρσετον	κῡ́ρσετον	κῡ́ρσομεν	κῡ́ρσετε	κῡ́ρσουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	κῡ́ρσοιμῐ	κῡ́ρσοις	κῡ́ρσοι	κῡ́ρσοιτον	κῡρσοίτην	κῡ́ρσοιμεν	κῡ́ρσοιτε	κῡ́ρσοιεν
middle	indicative	κῡ́ρσομαι	κῡ́ρσῃ / κῡ́ρσει	κῡ́ρσεται	κῡ́ρσεσθον	κῡ́ρσεσθον	κῡρσόμεθᾰ	κῡ́ρσεσθε	κῡ́ρσονται
middle	optative	κῡρσοίμην	κῡ́ρσοιο	κῡ́ρσοιτο	κῡ́ρσοισθον	κῡρσοίσθην	κῡρσοίμεθᾰ	κῡ́ρσοισθε	κῡ́ρσοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		κῡ́ρσειν			κῡ́ρσεσθαι
participle	m	κῡ́ρσων			κῡρσόμενος
	f	κῡ́ρσουσᾰ			κῡρσομένη
	n	κῦρσον			κῡρσόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἔκῡρσᾰ, ἐκῡρσᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔκῡρσᾰ	ἔκῡρσᾰς	ἔκῡρσε(ν)	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰτον	ἐκῡρσᾰ́την	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰμεν	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰτε	ἔκῡρσᾰν
	subjunctive	κῡ́ρσω	κῡ́ρσῃς	κῡ́ρσῃ	κῡ́ρσητον	κῡ́ρσητον	κῡ́ρσωμεν	κῡ́ρσητε	κῡ́ρσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κῡ́ρσαιμῐ	κῡ́ρσειᾰς / κῡ́ρσαις	κῡ́ρσειε(ν) / κῡ́ρσαι	κῡ́ρσαιτον	κῡρσαίτην	κῡ́ρσαιμεν	κῡ́ρσαιτε	κῡ́ρσειᾰν / κῡ́ρσαιεν
	imperative		κῦρσον	κῡρσᾰ́τω	κῡ́ρσᾰτον	κῡρσᾰ́των		κῡ́ρσᾰτε	κῡρσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐκῡρσᾰ́μην	ἐκῡ́ρσω	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰτο	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰσθον	ἐκῡρσᾰ́σθην	ἐκῡρσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰσθε	ἐκῡ́ρσᾰντο
	subjunctive	κῡ́ρσωμαι	κῡ́ρσῃ	κῡ́ρσηται	κῡ́ρσησθον	κῡ́ρσησθον	κῡρσώμεθᾰ	κῡ́ρσησθε	κῡ́ρσωνται
	optative	κῡρσαίμην	κῡ́ρσαιο	κῡ́ρσαιτο	κῡ́ρσαισθον	κῡρσαίσθην	κῡρσαίμεθᾰ	κῡ́ρσαισθε	κῡ́ρσαιντο
	imperative		κῦρσαι	κῡρσᾰ́σθω	κῡ́ρσᾰσθον	κῡρσᾰ́σθων		κῡ́ρσᾰσθε	κῡρσᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		κῦρσαι			κῡ́ρσᾰσθαι
participle	m	κῡ́ρσᾱς			κῡρσᾰ́μενος
	f	κῡ́ρσᾱσᾰ			κῡρσᾰμένη
	n	κῦρσᾰν			κῡρσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: κῦρσᾰ, κῡρσᾰ́μην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κῦρσᾰ	κῦρσᾰς	κῦρσε(ν)	κῡ́ρσᾰτον	κῡρσᾰ́την	κῡ́ρσᾰμεν	κῡ́ρσᾰτε	κῦρσᾰν
	subjunctive	κῡ́ρσω, κῡ́ρσωμῐ	κῡ́ρσῃς, κῡ́ρσῃσθᾰ	κῡ́ρσῃ, κῡ́ρσῃσῐ	κῡ́ρσητον	κῡ́ρσητον	κῡ́ρσωμεν	κῡ́ρσητε	κῡ́ρσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κῡ́ρσαιμῐ	κῡ́ρσαις, κῡ́ρσαισθᾰ, κῡ́ρσειᾰς	κῡ́ρσειε(ν) / κῡ́ρσαι	κῡρσεῖτον	κῡρσείτην	κῡρσεῖμεν	κῡρσεῖτε	κῡρσεῖεν
	imperative		κῦρσον	κῡρσᾰ́τω	κῡ́ρσᾰτον	κῡρσᾰ́των		κῡ́ρσᾰτε	κῡρσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	κῡρσᾰ́μην	κῡ́ρσᾰο	κῡ́ρσᾰτο	κῡ́ρσᾰσθον	κῡρσᾰ́σθην	κῡρσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	κῡ́ρσᾰσθε	κῡ́ρσᾰντο
	subjunctive	κῡ́ρσωμαι	κῡ́ρσηαι	κῡ́ρσηται	κῡ́ρσησθον	κῡ́ρσησθον	κῡρσώμε(σ)θᾰ	κῡ́ρσησθε	κῡ́ρσωνται
	optative	κῡρσαίμην	κῡ́ρσαιο	κῡ́ρσαιτο	κῡ́ρσαισθον	κῡρσαίσθην	κῡρσαίμε(σ)θᾰ	κῡ́ρσαισθε	κῡρσαίᾰτο
	imperative		κῦρσαι	κῡρσᾰ́σθω	κῡ́ρσᾰσθον	κῡρσᾰ́σθων		κῡ́ρσᾰσθε	κῡρσᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		κῦρσαι / κῡρσᾰ́μεν / κῡρσᾰμέναι			κῡ́ρσᾰσθαι
participle	m	κῡ́ρσᾱς			κῡρσᾰ́μενος
	f	κῡ́ρσᾱσᾰ			κῡρσᾰμένη
	n	κῦρσᾰν			κῡρσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κῡ́ρω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 808-9