λαφύσσω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • λαφύττω (laphúttō) — Attic

Etymology

Disputed.

  • According to Beekes, from a Pre-Greek source. Perhaps related to Ancient Greek λαῖλαψ (laîlaps), Ancient Greek λαμυρός (lamurós), and Ancient Greek λαῖφος (laîphos).
  • Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *lh₂bʰ- or *labʰ-, which are themselves alternative reconstruction of *leb-. The linguist Tijmen Pronk argues that if former reconstructions are accepted, then this must not be the same root from which the possible Balto-Slavic cognates derive. Pronk also argues that it is unlikely that a vowel /a/ was present in the original root.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

λᾰφῠ́σσω • (lăphŭ́ssō)

  1. to gulp down, consume greedily or gluttonously
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Illiad 18.580-584:
      τὼ μὲν ἀναρρήξαντε βοὸς μεγάλοιο βοείην ἔγκατα καὶ μέλαν αἷμα λαφύσσετον· οἳ δὲ νομῆες αὔτως ἐνδίεσαν ταχέας κύνας ὀτρύνοντες.
      tṑ mèn anarrhḗxante boòs megáloio boeíēn énkata kaì mélan haîma laphússeton; hoì dè nomêes aútōs endíesan takhéas kúnas otrúnontes.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • Anna Komnene, Alexiad 10.2:
      οἱ δὲ αἵμασιν ἀνθρώπων λαφύξαι ἱμειρόμενοι καὶ κρεῶν ἀνθρωπείων ἐμφορηθῆναι
      hoi dè haímasin anthrṓpōn laphúxai himeirómenoi kaì kreôn anthrōpeíōn emphorēthênai
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Usage notes

The Epic imperfect form λαφύσσετον (laphússeton) is attested.

Conjugation

   Present: λαφύσσω, λαφύσσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative λαφύσσω λαφύσσεις λαφύσσει λαφύσσετον λαφύσσετον λαφύσσομεν λαφύσσετε λαφύσσουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive λαφύσσω λαφύσσῃς λαφύσσῃ λαφύσσητον λαφύσσητον λαφύσσωμεν λαφύσσητε λαφύσσωσῐ(ν)
optative λαφύσσοιμῐ λαφύσσοις λαφύσσοι λαφύσσοιτον λαφυσσοίτην λαφύσσοιμεν λαφύσσοιτε λαφύσσοιεν
imperative   λάφυσσε λαφυσσέτω λαφύσσετον λαφυσσέτων   λαφύσσετε λαφυσσόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative λαφύσσομαι λαφύσσῃ / λαφύσσει λαφύσσεται λαφύσσεσθον λαφύσσεσθον λαφυσσόμεθᾰ λαφύσσεσθε λαφύσσονται
subjunctive λαφύσσωμαι λαφύσσῃ λαφύσσηται λαφύσσησθον λαφύσσησθον λαφυσσώμεθᾰ λαφύσσησθε λαφύσσωνται
optative λαφυσσοίμην λαφύσσοιο λαφύσσοιτο λαφύσσοισθον λαφυσσοίσθην λαφυσσοίμεθᾰ λαφύσσοισθε λαφύσσοιντο
imperative   λαφύσσου λαφυσσέσθω λαφύσσεσθον λαφυσσέσθων   λαφύσσεσθε λαφυσσέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive λαφύσσειν λαφύσσεσθαι
participle m λαφύσσων λαφυσσόμενος
f λαφύσσουσᾰ λαφυσσομένη
n λαφῦσσον λαφυσσόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐλάφυσσον, ἐλαφυσσόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐλάφυσσον ἐλάφυσσες ἐλάφυσσε(ν) ἐλαφύσσετον ἐλαφυσσέτην ἐλαφύσσομεν ἐλαφύσσετε ἐλάφυσσον
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐλαφυσσόμην ἐλαφύσσου ἐλαφύσσετο ἐλαφύσσεσθον ἐλαφυσσέσθην ἐλαφυσσόμεθᾰ ἐλαφύσσεσθε ἐλαφύσσοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: λαφύξω, λαφύξομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative λαφύξω λαφύξεις λαφύξει λαφύξετον λαφύξετον λαφύξομεν λαφύξετε λαφύξουσῐ(ν)
optative λαφύξοιμῐ λαφύξοις λαφύξοι λαφύξοιτον λαφυξοίτην λαφύξοιμεν λαφύξοιτε λαφύξοιεν
middle indicative λαφύξομαι λαφύξῃ / λαφύξει λαφύξεται λαφύξεσθον λαφύξεσθον λαφυξόμεθᾰ λαφύξεσθε λαφύξονται
optative λαφυξοίμην λαφύξοιο λαφύξοιτο λαφύξοισθον λαφυξοίσθην λαφυξοίμεθᾰ λαφύξοισθε λαφύξοιντο
active middle
infinitive λαφύξειν λαφύξεσθαι
participle m λαφύξων λαφυξόμενος
f λαφύξουσᾰ λαφυξομένη
n λαφῦξον λαφυξόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐλάφυξᾰ, ἐλαφυξᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐλάφυξᾰ ἐλάφυξᾰς ἐλάφυξε(ν) ἐλαφύξᾰτον ἐλαφυξᾰ́την ἐλαφύξᾰμεν ἐλαφύξᾰτε ἐλάφυξᾰν
subjunctive λαφύξω λαφύξῃς λαφύξῃ λαφύξητον λαφύξητον λαφύξωμεν λαφύξητε λαφύξωσῐ(ν)
optative λαφύξαιμῐ λαφύξειᾰς / λαφύξαις λαφύξειε(ν) / λαφύξαι λαφύξαιτον λαφυξαίτην λαφύξαιμεν λαφύξαιτε λαφύξειᾰν / λαφύξαιεν
imperative   λάφυξον λαφυξᾰ́τω λαφύξᾰτον λαφυξᾰ́των   λαφύξᾰτε λαφυξᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐλαφυξᾰ́μην ἐλαφύξω ἐλαφύξᾰτο ἐλαφύξᾰσθον ἐλαφυξᾰ́σθην ἐλαφυξᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐλαφύξᾰσθε ἐλαφύξᾰντο
subjunctive λαφύξωμαι λαφύξῃ λαφύξηται λαφύξησθον λαφύξησθον λαφυξώμεθᾰ λαφύξησθε λαφύξωνται
optative λαφυξαίμην λαφύξαιο λαφύξαιτο λαφύξαισθον λαφυξαίσθην λαφυξαίμεθᾰ λαφύξαισθε λαφύξαιντο
imperative   λάφυξαι λαφυξᾰ́σθω λαφύξᾰσθον λαφυξᾰ́σθων   λαφύξᾰσθε λαφυξᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive λαφῦξαι λαφύξᾰσθαι
participle m λαφύξᾱς λαφυξᾰ́μενος
f λαφύξᾱσᾰ λαφυξᾰμένη
n λαφῦξᾰν λαφυξᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

  • λαφυγμός (laphugmós)
  • λαφύκτης (laphúktēs)
  • λάφυξις (láphuxis)
  • λαφύστιος (laphústios)

References

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