πανοῦργος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Compound of πᾶν (pân, “everything”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”) + -ος (-os, “noun of result or an abstract noun of action”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pa.nûːr.ɡos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /paˈnur.ɡos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /paˈnur.ɣos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /paˈnur.ɣos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /paˈnur.ɣos/
Adjective
πᾰνοῦργος • (pănoûrgos) m or f (neuter πᾰνοῦργον); second declension
- (derogatory) (literally: "ready to do anything", but nearly always in a bad sense) knavish, roguish, villainous, treacherous, sly
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | πᾰνοῦργος pănoûrgos |
πᾰνοῦργον pănoûrgon |
πᾰνούργω pănoúrgō |
πᾰνούργω pănoúrgō |
πᾰνοῦργοι pănoûrgoi |
πᾰνοῦργᾰ pănoûrgă | ||||||||
| Genitive | πᾰνούργου pănoúrgou |
πᾰνούργου pănoúrgou |
πᾰνούργοιν pănoúrgoin |
πᾰνούργοιν pănoúrgoin |
πᾰνούργων pănoúrgōn |
πᾰνούργων pănoúrgōn | ||||||||
| Dative | πᾰνούργῳ pănoúrgōi |
πᾰνούργῳ pănoúrgōi |
πᾰνούργοιν pănoúrgoin |
πᾰνούργοιν pănoúrgoin |
πᾰνούργοις pănoúrgois |
πᾰνούργοις pănoúrgois | ||||||||
| Accusative | πᾰνοῦργον pănoûrgon |
πᾰνοῦργον pănoûrgon |
πᾰνούργω pănoúrgō |
πᾰνούργω pănoúrgō |
πᾰνούργους pănoúrgous |
πᾰνοῦργᾰ pănoûrgă | ||||||||
| Vocative | πᾰνοῦργε pănoûrge |
πᾰνοῦργον pănoûrgon |
πᾰνούργω pănoúrgō |
πᾰνούργω pănoúrgō |
πᾰνοῦργοι pănoûrgoi |
πᾰνοῦργᾰ pănoûrgă | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| πᾰνούργως pănoúrgōs |
πᾰνουργότερος pănourgóteros |
πᾰνουργότᾰτος pănourgótătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- πᾰνουργέω (pănourgéō)
- πᾰνούργημᾰ (pănoúrgēmă)
- πᾰνουργῐ́ᾱ (pănourgĭ́ā)
Descendants
- → French: Panurge
Further reading
- “πανοῦργος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πανοῦργος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πανοῦργος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- G3835 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- πανοῦργος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- artful idem, page 42.
- bad idem, page 58.
- blackguard idem, page 81.
- blackguardly idem, page 81.
- caitiff idem, page 108.
- crafty idem, page 181.
- cunning idem, page 189.
- deceitful idem, page 200.
- dishonest idem, page 234.
- evil idem, page 286.
- fraudulent idem, page 343.
- guileful idem, page 378.
- ill idem, page 414.
- knave idem, page 470.
- knavish idem, page 470.
- mischievous idem, page 533.
- miscreant idem, page 533.
- nefarious idem, page 554.
- rascally idem, page 672.
- reprobate idem, page 699.
- roguish idem, page 720.
- scoundrel idem, page 741.
- shifty idem, page 766.
- sinister idem, page 779.
- sly idem, page 786.
- unprincipled idem, page 928.
- unscrupulous idem, page 931.
- villain idem, page 952.
- wicked idem, page 978.
- wily idem, page 980.
- wretch idem, page 993.
- wrong idem, page 994.
- wrong-doer idem, page 994.