πινυτός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

πνυτός (pnutós)

Etymology

The relation between the relevant forms has not been satisfactorily explained thus far. Older explanations take this word to have somehow developed out of a full grade form *penu-, with ε raised to ι, so as to connect the word with Latin putō (“to prune; esteem, consider”) and Proto-Slavic *pytati (“to ask, examine”), both from Proto-Indo-European *pew-. However, these attempts must be rejected for a number of reasons. First, a form *penu- is not attested; secondly, the change ε/ι is not systematic; third, the alternative form πνυτός (pnutós) is unexpected. The last variation is, however, known from Pre-Greek, and must reflect the varying rendering of a palatalized cluster. The etymon has nothing to do with πνέω (pnéō, “to breathe”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pi.ny.tós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pi.nyˈtos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /pi.nyˈtos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /pi.nyˈtos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /pi.niˈtos/

Adjective

πῐνῠτός • (pĭnŭtós) m (feminine πῐνῠτή, neuter πῐνῠτόν); first/second declension

prudent, discreet

Inflection

First and second declension of πῐνῠτός; πῐνῠτή; πῐνῠτόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	πῐνῠτός pĭnŭtós	πῐνῠτή pĭnŭtḗ	πῐνῠτόν pĭnŭtón	πῐνῠτώ pĭnŭtṓ	πῐνῠτᾱ́ pĭnŭtā́	πῐνῠτώ pĭnŭtṓ	πῐνῠτοί pĭnŭtoí	πῐνῠταί pĭnŭtaí	πῐνῠτᾰ́ pĭnŭtắ
Genitive	πῐνῠτοῦ pĭnŭtoû	πῐνῠτῆς pĭnŭtês	πῐνῠτοῦ pĭnŭtoû	πῐνῠτοῖν pĭnŭtoîn	πῐνῠταῖν pĭnŭtaîn	πῐνῠτοῖν pĭnŭtoîn	πῐνῠτῶν pĭnŭtôn	πῐνῠτῶν pĭnŭtôn	πῐνῠτῶν pĭnŭtôn
Dative	πῐνῠτῷ pĭnŭtōî	πῐνῠτῇ pĭnŭtēî	πῐνῠτῷ pĭnŭtōî	πῐνῠτοῖν pĭnŭtoîn	πῐνῠταῖν pĭnŭtaîn	πῐνῠτοῖν pĭnŭtoîn	πῐνῠτοῖς pĭnŭtoîs	πῐνῠταῖς pĭnŭtaîs	πῐνῠτοῖς pĭnŭtoîs
Accusative	πῐνῠτόν pĭnŭtón	πῐνῠτήν pĭnŭtḗn	πῐνῠτόν pĭnŭtón	πῐνῠτώ pĭnŭtṓ	πῐνῠτᾱ́ pĭnŭtā́	πῐνῠτώ pĭnŭtṓ	πῐνῠτούς pĭnŭtoús	πῐνῠτᾱ́ς pĭnŭtā́s	πῐνῠτᾰ́ pĭnŭtắ
Vocative	πῐνῠτέ pĭnŭté	πῐνῠτή pĭnŭtḗ	πῐνῠτόν pĭnŭtón	πῐνῠτώ pĭnŭtṓ	πῐνῠτᾱ́ pĭnŭtā́	πῐνῠτώ pĭnŭtṓ	πῐνῠτοί pĭnŭtoí	πῐνῠταί pĭnŭtaí	πῐνῠτᾰ́ pĭnŭtắ
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	πῐνῠτῶς pĭnŭtôs			πῐνῠτώτερος pĭnŭtṓteros			πῐνῠτώτᾰτος pĭnŭtṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

πίνυσις (pínusis)
πινύσσω (pinússō)
πινυτή (pinutḗ)
πινυτής (pinutḗs)
πινυτότης (pinutótēs)
πινυτόφρων (pinutóphrōn)