σάκχαρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • σάκχαρι (sákkhari), σάκχαρις (sákkharis), σάκχαρον (sákkharon)

Etymology

From Pali sakkharā, from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā, “grit, gravel; ground or candied sugar”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

σᾰ́κχαρ • (sắkkhar) n (genitive σᾰ́κχαρος); third declension

  1. sugar
  2. sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ; τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ
tò sắkkhar 		τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε
tṑ sắkkhare 		τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ
tằ sắkkhară
Genitive τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος
toû sắkkharos 		τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν
toîn săkkhároin 		τῶν σᾰκχάρων
tôn săkkhárōn
Dative τῷ σᾰ́κχαρῐ
tōî sắkkharĭ 		τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν
toîn săkkhároin 		τοῖς σᾰ́κχαρσῐ / σᾰ́κχαρσῐν
toîs sắkkharsĭ(n)
Accusative τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ
tò sắkkhar 		τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε
tṑ sắkkhare 		τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ
tằ sắkkhară
Vocative σᾰ́κχαρ
sắkkhar 		σᾰ́κχαρε
sắkkhare 		σᾰ́κχαρᾰ
sắkkhară
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
Third declension of τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ; τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος (Laconian)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ
tò sắkkhar 		τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε
tṑ sắkkhare 		τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ
tằ sắkkhară
Genitive τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος
toû sắkkharos 		τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν
toîn săkkhároin 		τῶν σᾰκχάρων
tôn săkkhárōn
Dative τῷ σᾰ́κχαρῐ
tōî sắkkharĭ 		τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν
toîn săkkhároin 		τοῖς σᾰ́κχαρσῐ / σᾰ́κχαρσῐν
toîs sắkkharsĭ(n)
Accusative τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ
tò sắkkhar 		τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε
tṑ sắkkhare 		τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ
tằ sắkkhară
Vocative σᾰ́κχαρ
sắkkhar 		σᾰ́κχαρε
sắkkhare 		σᾰ́κχαρᾰ
sắkkhară
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

  • Byzantine Greek: ζάχαρις (zákharis)
  • → Coptic: ⲍⲁⲭⲣⲓ (zakhri)
  • → Latin: saccharon
    • New Latin: saccharum (see there for further descendants)
  • → Old East Slavic: сахаръ (saxarŭ)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σάκχαρ, -αρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1302-3

Further reading

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