σκύφος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

(skull): σκύπφος (skúpphos)

Etymology

Unknown, perhaps Pre-Greek.^[1] Compare σκάφος (skáphos).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ský.pʰos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsky.pʰos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈscy.ɸos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈscy.fos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsci.fos/

Noun

σκῠ́φος • (skŭ́phos) m (genitive σκῠ́φου); second declension
σκῠ́φος • (skŭ́phos) n (genitive σκῠ́φεος or σκῠ́φους); third declension

a cup or can, especially one used by peasants
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.112
- 540 BCE – 450 BCE, Epicharmus, Collected Works 83
- 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 390
  , 411, 256, 556,
- 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 146
- Epig. 3
- 375 BCE – 275 BCE, Alexis 130
- 450 BCE – 350 BCE, Archippus 7
- Alcm. 34
- Anacr. 82
- 556 BCE – 468 BCE, Simonides, Fragmenta 246
- 500 BCE – 400 BCE, Bacchylides, Fr. 17
- Sophr. 15
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 7.1324b.17
1. of wooden milk-vessels
  - 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Collected Works 1.143
  - 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 390
  - 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 146
(perhaps) a skull
- PMag.Par. 1.1996

Declension

Second declension of ὁ σκῠ́φος; τοῦ σκῠ́φου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σκῠ́φος ho skŭ́phos	τὼ σκῠ́φω tṑ skŭ́phō	οἱ σκῠ́φοι hoi skŭ́phoi
Genitive	τοῦ σκῠ́φου toû skŭ́phou	τοῖν σκῠ́φοιν toîn skŭ́phoin	τῶν σκῠ́φων tôn skŭ́phōn
Dative	τῷ σκῠ́φῳ tōî skŭ́phōi	τοῖν σκῠ́φοιν toîn skŭ́phoin	τοῖς σκῠ́φοις toîs skŭ́phois
Accusative	τὸν σκῠ́φον tòn skŭ́phon	τὼ σκῠ́φω tṑ skŭ́phō	τοὺς σκῠ́φους toùs skŭ́phous
Vocative	σκῠ́φε skŭ́phe	σκῠ́φω skŭ́phō	σκῠ́φοι skŭ́phoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ σκῠ́φος; τοῦ σκῠ́φους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σκῠ́φος tò skŭ́phos	τὼ σκῠ́φει tṑ skŭ́phei	τᾰ̀ σκῠ́φη tằ skŭ́phē
Genitive	τοῦ σκῠ́φους toû skŭ́phous	τοῖν σκῠφοῖν toîn skŭphoîn	τῶν σκῠφῶν tôn skŭphôn
Dative	τῷ σκῠ́φει tōî skŭ́phei	τοῖν σκῠφοῖν toîn skŭphoîn	τοῖς σκῠ́φεσῐ / σκῠ́φεσῐν toîs skŭ́phesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ σκῠ́φος tò skŭ́phos	τὼ σκῠ́φει tṑ skŭ́phei	τᾰ̀ σκῠ́φη tằ skŭ́phē
Vocative	σκῠ́φος skŭ́phos	σκῠ́φει skŭ́phei	σκῠ́φη skŭ́phē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

σκῠφάρῐον (skŭphárĭon)
σκῠ́φειος (skŭ́pheios)
σκῠφίδῐον (skŭphídĭon)
σκῠφῐ́ον (skŭphĭ́on)
σκῠφοειδής (skŭphoeidḗs)
σκῠφοκώνακτος (skŭphokṓnaktos)
σκῠ́φωμᾰ (skŭ́phōmă)
σκυφών (skuphṓn)

Descendants

⇒ Translingual: Austroscyphus, Scyphozoa
→ Classical Syriac: ܐܣܩܦܐ (ʾesqəp̄āʾ)
- → Old Armenian: սկահ (skah)
  - → Armenian: սկահ (skah) (learned)
  - →? Georgian: სკა (sḳa)
→ Latin: scyphus
- → Catalan: escif (learned)
- Sicilian: scifu
- → English: scyphus

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σκύφος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1363-1364