σμαρίς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A connection with σμηρίζω (smērízō, “to plane, to polish”) is implausible. Furnée, instead, convincingly compares the word with σπάρος (spáros, “annular sea bream”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zma.rís/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /zmaˈris/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /zmaˈris/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /zmaˈris/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /zmaˈris/

Noun

σμᾰρίς • (smărís) f (genitive σμᾰρίδος); third declension

picarel (Spicara smaris)

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ σμᾰρῐ́ς; τῆς σμᾰρῐ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σμᾰρῐ́ς hē smărĭ́s	τὼ σμᾰρῐ́δε tṑ smărĭ́de	αἱ σμᾰρῐ́δες hai smărĭ́des
Genitive	τῆς σμᾰρῐ́δος tês smărĭ́dos	τοῖν σμᾰρῐ́δοιν toîn smărĭ́doin	τῶν σμᾰρῐ́δων tôn smărĭ́dōn
Dative	τῇ σμᾰρῐ́δῐ tēî smărĭ́dĭ	τοῖν σμᾰρῐ́δοιν toîn smărĭ́doin	ταῖς σμᾰρῐ́σῐ / σμᾰρῐ́σῐν taîs smărĭ́sĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν σμᾰρῐ́δᾰ tḕn smărĭ́dă	τὼ σμᾰρῐ́δε tṑ smărĭ́de	τᾱ̀ς σμᾰρῐ́δᾰς tā̀s smărĭ́dăs
Vocative	σμᾰρῐ́ς smărĭ́s	σμᾰρῐ́δε smărĭ́de	σμᾰρῐ́δες smărĭ́des
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Descendants

→ Latin: smaris
→ Byzantine Greek: σμαρίδα (smarída) (learned)
> Greek: μαρίδα (marída) (inherited)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σμαρίς, -ίδος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1366
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “σμαρίς, -ίδος”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 83