σμύρνα

See also: Σμύρνα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ζμύρνα (zmúrna), σμύρνη (smúrnē)

Etymology

According to Beekes, probably from the city of Σμύρνα (Smúrna, “Izmir”), itself apparently of unknown origin, and not a by-form of μύρρα (múrrha, “myrrh”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zmýr.na/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈzmyr.na/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈzmyr.na/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈzmyr.na/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈzmir.na/

Noun

σμῠ́ρνᾰ • (smŭ́rnă) f (genitive σμῠ́ρνης); first declension

myrrh, the gum of Commiphora myrrha
Synonym: μύρρα (múrrha)
Indian bdellium, false myrrh, the resin of Commiphora wightii

Inflection

First declension of ἡ σμῠ́ρνᾰ; τῆς σμῠ́ρνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σμῠ́ρνᾰ hē smŭ́rnă	τὼ σμῠ́ρνᾱ tṑ smŭ́rnā	αἱ σμῠ́ρναι hai smŭ́rnai
Genitive	τῆς σμῠ́ρνης tês smŭ́rnēs	τοῖν σμῠ́ρναιν toîn smŭ́rnain	τῶν σμῠρνῶν tôn smŭrnôn
Dative	τῇ σμῠ́ρνῃ tēî smŭ́rnēi	τοῖν σμῠ́ρναιν toîn smŭ́rnain	ταῖς σμῠ́ρναις taîs smŭ́rnais
Accusative	τὴν σμῠ́ρνᾰν tḕn smŭ́rnăn	τὼ σμῠ́ρνᾱ tṑ smŭ́rnā	τᾱ̀ς σμῠ́ρνᾱς tā̀s smŭ́rnās
Vocative	σμῠ́ρνᾰ smŭ́rnă	σμῠ́ρνᾱ smŭ́rnā	σμῠ́ρναι smŭ́rnai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

σμῠρναῖος (smŭrnaîos)
σμῠρνεῖον (smŭrneîon)
σμῠρνῐ́ζω (smŭrnĭ́zō)
σμῠ́ρνῐνος (smŭ́rnĭnos)
σμῠ́ρνῐον (smŭ́rnĭon)
σμῠ́ρνισῐς (smŭ́rnisĭs)
σμῠρνόμελαν (smŭrnómelan)
σμῠρνοφόρος (smŭrnophóros)
σμῠρνόω (smŭrnóō)

Descendants

→ Classical Syriac: ܣܡܽܘܪܢܳܐ (smurnā)
→ Coptic: ⲥⲙⲩⲣⲛⲏⲥ (smurnēs)
→ Gothic: 𐍃𐌼𐍅𐍂𐌽 (smwrn)
→ Latin: smyrna
→ Old Church Slavonic: змѵ́рьна (zmǘrĭna)
- → Belarusian: смі́рна (smírna)
- → Russian: сми́рна (smírna)
- → Ukrainian: сми́рна (smýrna)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σμύρνη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1370