σφάκελος

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spʰá.ke.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈspʰa.ke.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsɸa.ce.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsfa.ce.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsfa.ce.los/

Etymology 1

The formation is similar to σκόπελος (skópelos) and πύελος (púelos), from an unknown root. The word has been connected with Middle High German spachen (“to split”) and Low German spaken (“to putrify”) but it can hardly be correct.

Noun

σφάκελος • (sphákelos) m (genitive σφᾰκέλου); second declension

(pathology) gangrene, caries, necrosis
spasm, convulsion, cramp, twitching pain

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ σφᾰ́κελος; τοῦ σφᾰκέλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σφᾰ́κελος ho sphắkelos	τὼ σφᾰκέλω tṑ sphăkélō	οἱ σφᾰ́κελοι hoi sphắkeloi
Genitive	τοῦ σφᾰκέλου toû sphăkélou	τοῖν σφᾰκέλοιν toîn sphăkéloin	τῶν σφᾰκέλων tôn sphăkélōn
Dative	τῷ σφᾰκέλῳ tōî sphăkélōi	τοῖν σφᾰκέλοιν toîn sphăkéloin	τοῖς σφᾰκέλοις toîs sphăkélois
Accusative	τὸν σφᾰ́κελον tòn sphắkelon	τὼ σφᾰκέλω tṑ sphăkélō	τοὺς σφᾰκέλους toùs sphăkélous
Vocative	σφᾰ́κελε sphắkele	σφᾰκέλω sphăkélō	σφᾰ́κελοι sphắkeloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

σφακελίζω (sphakelízō)
σφακελισμός (sphakelismós)
σφακελώδης (sphakelṓdēs)

Descendants

→ English: sphacel, sphacelus
→ French: sphacèle
→ Italian: sfacelo
→ Portuguese: esfácelo

Etymology 2

From Pre-Greek, in view of the variation.

Alternative forms

σφάκηλος (sphákēlos)

Noun

σφάκελος • (sphákelos) m (genitive σφᾰκέλου); second declension

(anatomy) middle finger

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ σφᾰ́κελος; τοῦ σφᾰκέλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σφᾰ́κελος ho sphắkelos	τὼ σφᾰκέλω tṑ sphăkélō	οἱ σφᾰ́κελοι hoi sphắkeloi
Genitive	τοῦ σφᾰκέλου toû sphăkélou	τοῖν σφᾰκέλοιν toîn sphăkéloin	τῶν σφᾰκέλων tôn sphăkélōn
Dative	τῷ σφᾰκέλῳ tōî sphăkélōi	τοῖν σφᾰκέλοιν toîn sphăkéloin	τοῖς σφᾰκέλοις toîs sphăkélois
Accusative	τὸν σφᾰ́κελον tòn sphắkelon	τὼ σφᾰκέλω tṑ sphăkélō	τοὺς σφᾰκέλους toùs sphăkélous
Vocative	σφᾰ́κελε sphắkele	σφᾰκέλω sphăkélō	σφᾰ́κελοι sphắkeloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Noun

Inflection

Further reading