σφύραινα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σφῦρα (sphûra, “hammer, mallet”) +‎ -αινᾰ (-aină).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

σφῡ́ραινᾰ • (sphū́raină) f (genitive σφῡραίνης); first declension

  1. barracuda (Sphyraena sphyraena)
    Synonym: κέστρα (késtra)
    • c. 410 BCE, Strattis, Macedonians 28:
      [A]: ἡ σφύραινα δ' ἐστὶ τίς;
      [B]: κέστραν μὲν ὕμμες ὡττικοὶ κικλήσκετε
      [A]: hē sphúraina d’ estì tís?
      [B]: késtran mèn húmmes hōttikoì kiklḗskete
      [A]: a "sphúraina", what is that?
      [B]: "Késtra" is what you, Attic-speakers, call it.

Inflection

First declension of ἡ σφῡ́ραινᾰ; τῆς σφῡραίνης (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ σφῡ́ραινᾰ
hē sphū́raină 		τὼ σφῡραίνᾱ
tṑ sphūraínā 		αἱ σφῡ́ραιναι
hai sphū́rainai
Genitive τῆς σφῡραίνης
tês sphūraínēs 		τοῖν σφῡραίναιν
toîn sphūraínain 		τῶν σφῡραινῶν
tôn sphūrainôn
Dative τῇ σφῡραίνῃ
tēî sphūraínēi 		τοῖν σφῡραίναιν
toîn sphūraínain 		ταῖς σφῡραίναις
taîs sphūraínais
Accusative τὴν σφῡ́ραινᾰν
tḕn sphū́rainăn 		τὼ σφῡραίνᾱ
tṑ sphūraínā 		τᾱ̀ς σφῡραίνᾱς
tā̀s sphūraínās
Vocative σφῡ́ραινᾰ
sphū́raină 		σφῡραίνᾱ
sphūraínā 		σφῡ́ραιναι
sphū́rainai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

  • → Latin: sphyraena
  • → Translingual: Sphyraena

Further reading

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