бабка
Pannonian Rusyn
Etymology
Inherited from Old Slovak babka, from Proto-Slavic *babъka. By surface analysis, баба (baba, “grandmother”) + -ка (-ka). Cognates include Slovak babka and Carpathian Rusyn ба́бка (bábka).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbapka]
- Rhymes: -apka
- Hyphenation: баб‧ка
Noun
бабка (babka) f
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | бабка (babka) | бабки (babki) |
| genitive | бабки (babki) | бабкох (babkox) |
| dative | бабки (babki) | бабком (babkom) |
| accusative | бабку (babku) | бабки (babki) |
| instrumental | бабку (babku) | бабками (babkami) |
| locative | бабки (babki) | бабкох (babkox) |
| vocative | бабко (babko) | бабки (babki) |
References
- Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “бабка”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbapkə]
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *babъka.
Noun
ба́бка • (bábka) f anim (genitive ба́бки, nominative plural ба́бки, genitive plural ба́бок)
- granny, grandma
- Synonym: ба́бушка (bábuška)
- old woman, crone, granny
- (obsolete) midwife, a simplification of повивальная бабка, or "midwife old woman"
- (obsolete) medicine woman
Declension
Descendants
- → Ingrian: babka
Etymology 2
Noun
ба́бка • (bábka) f inan (genitive ба́бки, nominative plural ба́бки, genitive plural ба́бок)
- (technology) mandrel
- pastern
- 1877, Лев Толстой [Leo Tolstoy], “Часть II. Глава XXIV”, in Анна Каренина; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., Anna Karenina, 1901:
- Напра́во води́ли поджа́рую краса́вицу Фру-Фру, кото́рая, как на пружи́нах, переступа́ла на свои́х эласти́чных и дово́льно дли́нных ба́бках.
- Naprávo vodíli podžáruju krasávicu Fru-Fru, kotóraja, kak na pružínax, perestupála na svoíx elastíčnyx i dovólʹno dlínnyx bábkax.
- On the right was led in Frou-Frou, lean and beautiful, lifting up her elastic, rather long pasterns, as though moved by springs.
- (anatomy) knucklebones (usually in the plural)
Declension
Descendants
Ukrainian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbabkɐ]
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *babъka.
Noun
ба́бка • (bábka) f pers (genitive ба́бки, nominative plural бабки́, genitive plural бабо́к)
- grandmother
- Synonyms: бабу́ся (babúsja), ба́бця (bábcja)
- old woman
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ба́бка bábka |
бабки́ babký |
| genitive | ба́бки bábky |
бабо́к babók |
| dative | ба́бці bábci |
бабка́м babkám |
| accusative | ба́бку bábku |
бабо́к babók |
| instrumental | ба́бкою bábkoju |
бабка́ми babkámy |
| locative | ба́бці bábci |
бабка́х babkáx |
| vocative | ба́бко bábko |
бабки́ babký |
Etymology 2
Uncertain. From ба́бка (bábka, “grandmother, old woman”).
The dragonfly sense may come from the figurative meaning of "witch, hag" due to bizarre-looking animals being superstitiously perceived as sorcerers at the time.
Another theory suggests that it may come from a superstitious belief that the souls of the dead (called ба́ба) would possess insects. Compare e.g. Russian бабочка.
Noun
ба́бка • (bábka) f animal (genitive ба́бки, nominative plural бабки́, genitive plural бабо́к)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ба́бка bábka |
бабки́ babký |
| genitive | ба́бки bábky |
бабо́к babók |
| dative | ба́бці bábci |
бабка́м babkám |
| accusative | ба́бку bábku |
бабки́, бабо́к babký, babók |
| instrumental | ба́бкою bábkoju |
бабка́ми babkámy |
| locative | ба́бці bábci |
бабка́х babkáx |
| vocative | ба́бко bábko |
бабки́ babký |
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Cognate with Yiddish באַבקע (babke).
Noun
ба́бка • (bábka) f inan (genitive ба́бки, nominative plural бабки́, genitive plural бабо́к)
- small anvil, mandrel
- (Western Ukraine, Canada) a special, delicate ritual bread that is blessed by the priest at Easter
- Synonym: баба (baba)
Usage notes
- Sometimes conflated with паска (paska).
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ба́бка bábka |
бабки́ babký |
| genitive | ба́бки bábky |
бабо́к babók |
| dative | ба́бці bábci |
бабка́м babkám |
| accusative | ба́бку bábku |
бабки́ babký |
| instrumental | ба́бкою bábkoju |
бабка́ми babkámy |
| locative | ба́бці bábci |
бабка́х babkáx |
| vocative | ба́бко bábko |
бабки́ babký |
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “бабка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka