бир
See also: бір
Azerbaijani
Numeral
бир
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Middle Bulgarian бирь (birĭ) (attested in Manasses Chronicle).
Further origin disputed. Either:
- Deverbal from the intensive stem *birati of native бера́ (berá, “to pick”).
- Of Oghur origin, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *bẹ̄ri.
Noun
бир • (bir) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | бир bir |
би́ри bíri |
| definite (subject form) |
би́рът bírǎt |
би́рите bírite |
| definite (object form) |
би́ра bíra | |
| count form | — | би́ра bíra |
Coordinate terms
- да́нък (dánǎk, “duty, tax”) (general term)
- нало́г (nalóg), обло́г (oblóg, “duty”)
- та́кса (táksa, “tax”)
- верги́я (vergíja, “duty”) (during Ottoman times)
Derived terms
verbs
- биру́вам (birúvam) (causative-iterative)
nouns
- би́рка (bírka) (diminutive)
- би́рник (bírnik, “tax collector”)
Related terms
- о́бир (óbir, “robbery”)
- сби́рка (sbírka, “compendium”)
References
- Nayden Gerov (1895) “биръ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 42
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бир”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 49
Karachay-Balkar
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : бир (bir) Ordinal : биринчи (birinçi) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Numeral
бир • (bir)
Kumyk
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : бир (bir) Ordinal : биринчи (birinçi) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Numeral
бир • (bir)
Kyrgyz
| 10 | ||||
| ← 0 | 1 | 2 → | 10 → | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: бир (bir) Ordinal: биринчи (birinci) Collective: бирөө (biröö) | ||||
Alternative forms
- بىر (bir) (Arabic script, used in China)
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bir/
Numeral
бир • (bir)
Declension
| singular (жекелик) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| possession → case ↓ |
— | first-person singular (менин) |
second-person singular informal (сенин) |
second-person singular formal (сиздин) |
third-person singular/plural (анын/алардын) |
first-person plural (биздин) |
second-person plural informal (силердин) |
second-person plural formal (сиздердин) |
| nominative (атооч) | бир bir |
бирим birim |
бириң biriŋ |
бириңиз biriŋiz |
бири biri |
бирибиз biribiz |
бириңер biriŋer |
бириңиздер biriŋizder |
| genitive (илик) | бирдин birdin |
биримдин birimdin |
бириңдин biriŋdin |
бириңиздин biriŋizdin |
биринин birinin |
бирибиздин biribizdin |
бириңердин biriŋerdin |
бириңиздердин biriŋizderdin |
| dative (барыш) | бирге birge |
бириме birime |
бириңе biriŋe |
бириңизге biriŋizge |
бирине birine |
бирибизге biribizge |
бириңерге biriŋerge |
бириңиздерге biriŋizderge |
| accusative (табыш) | бирди birdi |
биримди birimdi |
бириңди biriŋdi |
бириңизди biriŋizdi |
бирини birini |
бирибизди biribizdi |
бириңерди biriŋerdi |
бириңиздерди biriŋizderdi |
| locative (жатыш) | бирде birde |
биримде birimde |
бириңде biriŋde |
бириңизде biriŋizde |
биринде birinde |
бирибизде biribizde |
бириңерде biriŋerde |
бириңиздерде biriŋizderde |
| ablative (чыгыш) | бирден birden |
биримден birimden |
бириңден biriŋden |
бириңизден biriŋizden |
биринен birinen |
бирибизден biribizden |
бириңерден biriŋerden |
бириңиздерден biriŋizderden |
Nogai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Numeral
бир • (bir)
Northern Altai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”). Alternative form of пир (pir, “one”).
Numeral
бир • (bir)
See also
References
- N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “бир”, in Severnyje dialekty Altajskovo (Ojrotskovo Jazyka- Dialekt kumandincev(Kumandin Kiži) [Northern Dialect of Altai -Kumandin Dialect(Kumandin kiži)], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoja literatury, →ISBN
- N. A Baskakov, editor (1966), “бир”, in Severnyje Dialekty Altajskovo (Ojrotskovo) Jazyka - Dialekty Černevyx Tatar (Tuba-Kiži) - Grammatičeskij Očerk i Slovarʹ [Northern Altai Dialect of Altai Language - Black Tatar Dialect (Tuba-Kiži), Grammatical text and dictionary], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoja literatury, →ISBN
- N. A. Baskakov, editor (1985), “бир”, in Severnyje Dialekty Altajskovo( Ojrotskovo) Jazyka- Dialekt Lebedinskix Tatar-čalkancev(kuu-kiži) [Northern Altai language-Dialect of Chelkan], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoj literatury, →ISBN
Southern Altai
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : бир (bir) Ordinal : биринчи (birinči) Collective : бирӱ (birü) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Numeral
бир • (bir)
Turkmen
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Pronunciation
Numeral
бир (bir)
- Cyrillic spelling of bir (“one”)
Tuvan
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : бир (bir) Ordinal : бирги (birgi) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”, cardinal).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɪr/, [bi̞r]
Numeral
бир • (bir)
Uyghur
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Numeral
бир • (bir) (Latin spelling bir, Arabic spelling بىر)
Uzbek
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).
Numeral
бир (bir) (Latin spelling bir)