гайка

Inherited from Old Ruthenian га́йка (hájka), from Russian га́йка (gájka),^[1] from Proto-Slavic *gajьka.

• IPA^(key): [ˈɣajka]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ajka
• Hyphenation: гай‧ка

га́йка • (hájka) f inan (genitive га́йкі, nominative plural га́йкі, genitive plural га́ек, relational adjective га́ечны, diminutive га́ечка)

1. nut (a metal part of various shapes with a hole that has a screw thread for screwing on something)

• “гайка”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
• “гайка” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Borrowed from Russian га́йка (gájka), from Proto-Slavic *gajьka. Further origin is uncertain:

• Either related to Bulgarian жир (žir, “fat, grease”), гоя́ (gojá, “to lush”) with initial meaning something that fastens, fixates (compare Ukrainian га́їти (hájity, “to hinder one's motion”), Czech hájit (“to protect”));
• or from the root of Bulgarian га́щи (gášti, “pants”), originally meaning something that fits onto.

See Russian га́йка (gájka) for further discussion and cognates.

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡajkɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

га́йка • (gájka) f (relational adjective га́ечен, diminutive га́йчица)

1. nut (fastener intended to be screwed onto a threaded bolt)

   Synonym: (dialectal, dated) нави́тък (navítǎk)

• га́ечен ключ (gáečen ključ, “spanner, wrench”)

• “гайка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “гайка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Borrowed from Russian га́йка (gájka), from Proto-Slavic *gajьka. First attested in the 18th century.^[1]

гайка • (hajka) f inan

1. nut (fastener intended to be screwed onto a threaded bolt)

• Belarusian: га́йка (hájka)
• Ukrainian: га́йка (hájka)

Per Trubachev and Anikin (although Vasmer expressed skepticism) from Proto-Slavic *gajьka (“something that connects; something that prohibits”), derived from Proto-Slavic *gajiti (“to protect”).^[1]

Attested since 17th century.

Cognates include Serbo-Croatian gȃjka (“movable ring; nut”), dialectal Czech hajka (“straw landmark on a pole as a sign prohibiting road use”), Ukrainian га́їти (hájity, “to slow down; to linger”), Czech hájiti (“to protect, care”), Slovak hájit’ (“to protect, stand up for”).

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡajkə]

• Audio:

  (file)

га́йка • (gájka) f inan (genitive га́йки, nominative plural га́йки, genitive plural га́ек, relational adjective га́ечный, diminutive га́ечка)

1. nut (fastener intended to be screwed onto a threaded bolt)

• гайковёрт (gajkovjórt), га́ечный ключ (gáječnyj ključ)
• гайконарезно́й (gajkonareznój)

• → Armenian: գայկա (gayka)
• → Azerbaijani: qayka
• → Bulgarian: га́йка (gájka)
• → Ingrian: gaika
• → Old Ruthenian: га́йка (hájka)
  • Belarusian: га́йка (hájka)
  • Ukrainian: га́йка (hájka)
• → Turkmen: gaýka
• → Votic: gaikõ

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гайка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

• гайка in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦai̯kɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Probably inherited from Old Ruthenian га́йка (hájka), from Russian га́йка (gájka),^[1] from Proto-Slavic *gajьka.

га́йка • (hájka) f inan (genitive га́йки, nominative plural гайки́, genitive plural гайо́к, relational adjective гайкови́й, diminutive га́єчка)

1. nut (fastener intended to be screwed onto a threaded bolt)

   закру́чувати/закрути́ти гайки́ (idiomatic) ― zakrúčuvaty/zakrutýty hajký ― to tighten the screws, to put the screws, to clamp down (literally, “to tighten the nuts”)

Possibly from га́яння (hájannja) +‎ -ка (-ka).

га́йка • (hájka) f inan (genitive га́йки, nominative plural гайки́, genitive plural гайо́к)

1. (colloquial, rare) delay, tarrying

   Synonym: за́три́мка f (zátrýmka)

• Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “гайка”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 3 (відстава́ння – ґура́льня), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN, page 439
• “гайка”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1971), “гайка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Г – Ж), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 16
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “гайка”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “гайка”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “гайка”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “гайка”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)