плѣньникъ

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

плѣнъ (plěnŭ) +‎ -ьникъ (-ĭnikŭ)

Noun

плѣньникъ • (plěnĭnikŭm

  1. hostage
  2. captive, prisoner
    • Ретъко, editor (1025±50?), Codex Suprasliensis[1] (in Old Church Slavonic), page (leaf) 230, line 25:
      и҅ сѣдꙙштии҅хъ вь҆ ть҆мѣ и҅ въ сѣни съмрьтьнѣ хоштетъ посѣтити · ибо плѣнника а҅дама и҅ плѣнꙿницѫ е҅угѫ · о҅тꙿ страстии раꙁдрѣшитъ · грꙙдетъ ꙗ҅ко б꙯ъ · и҅ сꙑнъ ѥ҅ю̑ ·
      And he wants to visit those sitting in darkness and the shadow of death, and indeed, to lose the captive Adam and the captive Eve from their suffering, he goes as (both) God and their son.

Old East Slavic

Etymology

From плѣнъ (plěnŭ, captivity) +‎ -ьникъ (-ĭnikŭ). Akin to Old Church Slavonic плѣньникъ (plěnĭnikŭ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpleːnɪnikʊ//ˈplʲeːnʲɪnʲikʊ//ˈplʲɛːnʲnʲik/, /ˈplʲeːnʲnʲik/
  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /ˈpleːnɪnikʊ/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /ˈplʲeːnʲɪnʲikʊ/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ˈplʲɛːnʲnʲik/, /ˈplʲeːnʲnʲik/

  • Hyphenation: плѣ‧нь‧ни‧къ

Noun

плѣньникъ (plěnĭnikŭm

  1. captive, hostage, prisoner
    • 1076, Sviatoslav's izbornik[2], page 4:
      и ꙗко же плѣньникомъ оумъ стоить оу родитель своихъ.
      i jako že plěnĭnikomŭ umŭ stoitĭ u roditelĭ svoixŭ.
      And just like to prisoners the thought is directed to their own parents.

Declension

Declension of плѣньникъ (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative плѣньникъ
plěnĭnikŭ
плѣньника
plěnĭnika
плѣньници
plěnĭnici
genitive плѣньника
plěnĭnika
плѣньнику
plěnĭniku
плѣньникъ
plěnĭnikŭ
dative плѣньнику
plěnĭniku
плѣньникома
plěnĭnikoma
плѣньникомъ
plěnĭnikomŭ
accusative плѣньникъ
plěnĭnikŭ
плѣньника
plěnĭnika
плѣньникꙑ
plěnĭniky
instrumental плѣньникъмь
plěnĭnikŭmĭ
плѣньникома
plěnĭnikoma
плѣньникꙑ
plěnĭniky
locative плѣньницѣ
plěnĭnicě
плѣньнику
plěnĭniku
плѣньницѣхъ
plěnĭnicěxŭ
vocative плѣньниче
plěnĭniče
плѣньника
plěnĭnika
плѣньници
plěnĭnici

Descendants

  • Old Ruthenian: плѣ́нникъ (plě́nnik)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: плї́нник (pljínnyk)
  • Russian: пле́нник (plénnik)

References

  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “плѣньникъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎[3] (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 977