աշորա

Armenian

Alternative forms

աշօրա (ašōra) — Lori, Erzincan
շա՛րա (šára) — Karabakh
աշարա (ašara) — Van
աշորայ (ašoray), աշարայ (ašaray) — traditional orthography

Etymology

The origin is unknown. According to NHB,^[1] attested in Mxitʻar Goš's Law Code (late 12th century) as Middle Armenian աշարայ (ašaray), but the exact place of attestation is unknown.

Possibly a Semitic borrowing, ultimately from the word for “hair”։ compare Arabic شَعِير (šaʕīr, “barley”), شَعْرَى (šaʕrā, “macchia”), شَعْر (šaʕr), شَعَر (šaʕar) in plural أَشْعَار (ʔašʕār, “hair; bristles”). Typologically compare վարսակ (varsak).

Pronunciation

(Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ɑʃoˈɾɑ/, [ɑʃoɾɑ́]
(Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /ɑʃoˈɾɑ/, [ɑʃoɾɑ́]
Audio (Eastern Armenian): (file)

Noun

աշորա • (ašora)

rye (grass of the genus Secale and its grain)
Synonyms: տարեկան (tarekan), (dialectal) չավդար (čʻavdar), (dialectal) շլել (šlel), (dialectal) արիշ (ariš)
(dialectal) newly grown grass, in particular newly grown and green wheat
(Erzincan) winter wheat seed

Usage notes

Often confused with հաճար (hačar).

Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
	singular (singulare tantum)
nominative	աշորա (ašora)
dative	աշորայի (ašorayi)
ablative	աշորայից (ašorayicʻ)
instrumental	աշորայով (ašorayov)
locative	աշորայում (ašorayum)

	definite forms
nominative	աշորան (ašoran)
dative	աշորային (ašorayin)

	1^st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	աշորաս (ašoras)
dative	աշորայիս (ašorayis)
ablative	աշորայիցս (ašorayicʻs)
instrumental	աշորայովս (ašorayovs)
locative	աշորայումս (ašorayums)

	2^nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	աշորադ (ašorad)
dative	աշորայիդ (ašorayid)
ablative	աշորայիցդ (ašorayicʻd)
instrumental	աշորայովդ (ašorayovd)
locative	աշորայումդ (ašorayumd)

Derived terms

աշարային (ašarayin)
աշարեղեն (ašareġen)
աշորախոտ (ašoraxot)
աշորացորեն (ašoracʻoren)
աշորյա հաց (ašorya hacʻ)
աշորուկ (ašoruk)

References

^ Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “աշարայ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 258b

Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “աշարայ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 113b
Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “աշարայ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 216a
Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “աշորայ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 132, page 43
Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “աշարայ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 126, page 42
Ayvazyan H. M. et al., editors (2006), “աշորա”, in Hayastani bnašxarh [Nature of Armenia] (Əntanekan hanragitaran matenašar; 3) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Armenian Encyclopaedia, page 207b
Bdoyan, Vard (2014) J̌avaxkʻi hayocʻ azgagrutʻyunə ew žoġovrdakan banarvestə [The Armenian ethnography and folklore of Javakhk]‎^[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press, page 184, footnote 168
Hambardzumyan, Vazguen (2014) Armenian and Indo-European: Essays on Comparative Lexicology of the Armenian Language (Comparative-typological Variativity)‎^[2], Yerevan: Academy Press, page 77
Džaukjan, G. B. (1967) Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language]‎^[3] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 308
J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “աշարայ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 64a
Kostandyan, D. M. (1979) Erznkayi barbaṙə [The Dialect of Yerznka]‎^[4] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 151a
Lagarde, Paul de (1854) Zur Urgeschichte der Armenier: ein philologischer Versuch (in German), Berlin: W. Hertz, § 486, page 19
Ġazaryan, Ṙuben (1981) “աշորա”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 59, page 10a
Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944) “աշորայ”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: State Publishing House, page 198a
Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944) “աշարայ”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: State Publishing House, page 191c
Sargsyan, Armen Yu. (2013) “շարա”, in Ġarabaġi barbaṙi baṙaran [Dictionary of Karabakh Dialect] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Edit Print, →ISBN, page 567a
Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2001), “աշարա”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 72a
Sruanjteancʻ, Garegin (1876) “աշարայ”, in Mananay, Constantinople: E. M. Tntesean, page 409

[1] Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “աշարայ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 258b

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