امتحان
Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| م ح ن (m ḥ n) |
| 4 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /im.ti.ħaːn/
- Rhymes: -aːn
Audio: (file)
Noun
اِمْتِحَان • (imtiḥān) m (plural اِمْتِحَانَات (imtiḥānāt))
- verbal noun of اِمْتَحَنَ (imtaḥana) (form VIII)
- examination
- أُجْرِيَتْ امْتِحَانًاً صَعْبًاً الْيَوْمَ وَآمُلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّتِيجَةُ جَيِّدَةً.
- I took a difficult exam today, and I hope the result will be good.
- test
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | اِمْتِحَان imtiḥān |
الِامْتِحَان al-imtiḥān |
اِمْتِحَان imtiḥān |
| nominative | اِمْتِحَانٌ imtiḥānun |
الِامْتِحَانُ al-imtiḥānu |
اِمْتِحَانُ imtiḥānu |
| accusative | اِمْتِحَانًا imtiḥānan |
الِامْتِحَانَ al-imtiḥāna |
اِمْتِحَانَ imtiḥāna |
| genitive | اِمْتِحَانٍ imtiḥānin |
الِامْتِحَانِ al-imtiḥāni |
اِمْتِحَانِ imtiḥāni |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | اِمْتِحَانَيْن imtiḥānayn |
الِامْتِحَانَيْن al-imtiḥānayn |
اِمْتِحَانَيْ imtiḥānay |
| nominative | اِمْتِحَانَانِ imtiḥānāni |
الِامْتِحَانَانِ al-imtiḥānāni |
اِمْتِحَانَا imtiḥānā |
| accusative | اِمْتِحَانَيْنِ imtiḥānayni |
الِامْتِحَانَيْنِ al-imtiḥānayni |
اِمْتِحَانَيْ imtiḥānay |
| genitive | اِمْتِحَانَيْنِ imtiḥānayni |
الِامْتِحَانَيْنِ al-imtiḥānayni |
اِمْتِحَانَيْ imtiḥānay |
| plural | sound feminine plural | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | اِمْتِحَانَات imtiḥānāt |
الِامْتِحَانَات al-imtiḥānāt |
اِمْتِحَانَات imtiḥānāt |
| nominative | اِمْتِحَانَاتٌ imtiḥānātun |
الِامْتِحَانَاتُ al-imtiḥānātu |
اِمْتِحَانَاتُ imtiḥānātu |
| accusative | اِمْتِحَانَاتٍ imtiḥānātin |
الِامْتِحَانَاتِ al-imtiḥānāti |
اِمْتِحَانَاتِ imtiḥānāti |
| genitive | اِمْتِحَانَاتٍ imtiḥānātin |
الِامْتِحَانَاتِ al-imtiḥānāti |
اِمْتِحَانَاتِ imtiḥānāti |
Descendants
- → Indonesian: imtihan
- → Northern Kurdish: îmtîhan
- → Persian: اِمْتِحان (emtehân)
- → Swahili: mtihani
- → Ottoman Turkish: امتحان (imtihân)
- → Somali: imtixaan
- → Uyghur: ئىمتىھان (imtihan)
Persian
Etymology
Etymology tree
Borrowed from Arabic اِمْتِحَان (imtiḥān).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔim.ti.ˈhaːn/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɪm.t̪ʰe̞.ɦɑ́ːn]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔem.t̪ʰe.ɦɒ́ːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔim.t̪ʰi.ɦɔ́n]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | imtihān |
| Dari reading? | imtehān |
| Iranian reading? | emtehân |
| Tajik reading? | imtihon |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Noun
| Dari | امتحان |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | имтиҳон |
اِمْتِحان • (emtehân) (plural امتحانات (emtehânât))
- examination
- امتحان رانندگی ― emtehân-e rânandegi ― driving test
- trial, test
Derived terms
- امتحان کردن (emtehân kardan, “to test, to trial”)
- امتحان دادن (emtehân dâdan, “to take a test, to take an exam”)
- امتحان گرفتن (emtehân gereftan, “to give out a test”)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: imtahan
- → Bashkir: имтихан (imtixan)
- → Bengali: ইমতেহান (imtehan)
- → Hindustani:
- → Tatar: имтихан (imtixan)
- → Kazakh: емтихан (emtixan)
- → Uzbek: imtihon
Urdu
Etymology
Etymology tree
Arabic اِمْتَحَنَ (imtaḥana)
Urdu اِمْتِحَان (imtihān)
Borrowed from Classical Persian اِمْتِحَان (imtihān), borrowed from Arabic اِمْتِحَان (imtiḥān), from اِمْتَحَنَ (imtaḥana). First attested in c. 1611 as Middle Hindi امتحان (amtḥan /imtihān/).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɪm.t̪ɪ.ɦɑːn/, [ɪm.t̪e.ɦɑːn]
Audio (Pakistan): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːn
- Hyphenation: اِم‧تِ‧حان
Noun
اِمْتِحان • (imtihān) m (formal plural اِمْتِحَانَات (imtihānāt), Hindi spelling इम्तिहान)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | اِمْتِحان (imtihān) | اِمْتِحان (imtihān) |
| oblique | اِمْتِحان (imtihān) | اِمْتِحانوں (imtihānõ) |
| vocative | اِمْتِحان (imtihān) | اِمْتِحانو (imtihāno) |
See also
Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root م ح ن (0 c, 1 e)
References
Further reading
- “امتحان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “امتحان”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]
Ushojo
Etymology
From Urdu امتحان (imtihān), from Arabic اِمْتِحَان (imtiḥān).
Noun
امتحان (imtihān)