جوانمرد

Persian

Etymology

Compound of (javân, “young”) +‎ (mard, “man”)

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒa.waːn.ˈmaɾd/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒä.wɑːn.mäɹd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒä.wɑːn.mäɹd̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒä.wɔːn.mäɹd̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒæ.vɒːn.mæɹd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒä.vɔn.mäɹd̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	jawānmard
Dari reading^?	jawānmard
Iranian reading^?	javânmard
Tajik reading^?	javonmard


Iranian Persian	جوانمرد
Dari	جوانمرد
Tajik	ҷавонмард

Adjective

جوانمرد • (javânmard) (comparative جوانمردتَر, superlative جوانمردتَرین)

brave, generous, manly
- 1010, Abu'l-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi, “Dastan-i Siyavash”, in Shâhnâme:
  بدو گیو گفت این سخن خودمگوی
  که من تاختم پیش نخچیرجوی
  ز بهر پرستنده‌ای گرمگوی
  نگردد جوانمرد پرخاشجوی
  bidō Gīw guft īn suxan xwadmigōyi
  ki man tāxtam pēš-i naxčīr-jōyi
  za bahr-i parastanda-i garm-gōyi
  na-gardad jawanmard parxāš-jōyi
  Giv responded : 'this is rubbish
  since I was leading the hunters.
  For the sake of a sweet-talking idolater,
  it is not chivalrous to be so quarrelsome'

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: comərd
→ Kumyk: чомарт (çomart)
→ Ottoman Turkish: جومرد (cömert)
- Turkish: cömert
- → Romanian: giumert
→ Turkmen: jomart
→ Uzbek: juvonmard, jumard, joʻmard
→ Kazakh: жомарт (jomart), Жомарт (Jomart)
→ Kyrgyz: Жоомарт (Joomart)
→ Bashkir: йомарт (yomart)
→ Tatar: йомарт (yomart)

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “جوانمرد”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul