حیله

See also: حيلة

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حِيلَة (ḥīla, “trick, artifice, ruse”).

Noun

حیله • (hile) (definite accusative حیله‌یی (hileyi), plural حیل (hiyâl))

artifice, ruse, stratagem, ploy, device, any tactic designed to gain the upper hand, especially one involving deception
- 1923, Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu, Nur Baba‎^[1], page 77:
  دنیاده بونك قدر حیله و یالانله یاشایان بر قادین كورمدم.
  Dünyada bunun kadar hile ve yalanla yaşayan bir kadın görmedim.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

حیله ایتمك (hile etmek, “to have recourse to artifice”)
حیله شرعیه (hile-i şerʼiye, “canonical device”)
حیله قورمق (hile kurmak, “to use an artifice”)
حیله‌باز (hilebâz, “trickster”)
حیله‌سز (hilesiz, “genuine, guileless”)
حیله‌كار (hilekâr, “trickster”)

Descendants

Turkish: hile
→ Albanian: hile
→ Armenian: հիլլէ (hillē), հիլա̈ (hilä)

Further reading

Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “حیله”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 675
Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hile”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1965
Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “hîle”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 442
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “حیله”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 524
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Machinatio”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 989
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “حیلة”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 1827
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hile”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “حیله”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 816

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حِيلَة (ḥīla).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /hiː.ˈla/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hiː.lǽ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔiː.lǽ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔi.lǽ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hiː.lé]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [hi.lǽ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	hīla
Dari reading^?	hīla
Iranian reading^?	hile
Tajik reading^?	hila

Noun

حیله • (hile) (plural حیل (hiyal))

deception, fraud; trick; trickery
Synonyms: فریب (farib), مکر (makr)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 320:
  کار مردان روشنی و گرمی است
  کار دونان حیله و بی‌‌شرمی است
  kār-i mardān rōšanī u garmī ast
  kār-i dūnān hīla u bē-šarmī ast
  The work of [holy] men is light and heat; the work of vile men is trickery and shamelessness.
  (Classical Persian transliteration)