خندريس
Arabic
FWOTD – 18 March 2025
Alternative forms
- خَنْدَرُوس (ḵandarūs)
Etymology
From Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xan.da.riːs/
Noun
خَنْدَرِيس • (ḵandarīs) m (plural خَنَادِر (ḵanādir)) (obsolete)
- spelt, dinkel wheat
- Synonym: عَلَس (ʕalas)
- 1025, ابن سينا [Avicenna], القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae]:
- خندروس.
الماهية: هو الحنطة الرومية.
الطبع: غذاؤه أبرد من غذاء الحنطة وأقل وهو مع ذلك جيد كثير قوي غليظ.- Spelt:
What it is: It is Byzantine wheat.
The character: Its food is cooler than wheat food and lesser and with that it is good, full, vigorous, thick.
- Spelt:
- groats, gruel
- old wine
- 900s, al-Mutanabbī, ألذ من المدام الخندريس:
- أَلَذَّ مِنَ المُدامِ الخَنْدَرِيسِ وَأَحْلَى مِنْ مُعَاطَاةِ الْكُؤُوسِ
- ʔalaḏḏa mina l-mudāmi l-ḵandarīsi waʔaḥlā min muʕāṭāti l-kuʔūsi
- And they rejoiced on old wine and delighted themselves in sharing the beakers.
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | خَنْدَرِيس ḵandarīs |
الْخَنْدَرِيس al-ḵandarīs |
خَنْدَرِيس ḵandarīs |
| nominative | خَنْدَرِيسٌ ḵandarīsun |
الْخَنْدَرِيسُ al-ḵandarīsu |
خَنْدَرِيسُ ḵandarīsu |
| accusative | خَنْدَرِيسًا ḵandarīsan |
الْخَنْدَرِيسَ al-ḵandarīsa |
خَنْدَرِيسَ ḵandarīsa |
| genitive | خَنْدَرِيسٍ ḵandarīsin |
الْخَنْدَرِيسِ al-ḵandarīsi |
خَنْدَرِيسِ ḵandarīsi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | خَنْدَرِيسَيْن ḵandarīsayn |
الْخَنْدَرِيسَيْن al-ḵandarīsayn |
خَنْدَرِيسَيْ ḵandarīsay |
| nominative | خَنْدَرِيسَانِ ḵandarīsāni |
الْخَنْدَرِيسَانِ al-ḵandarīsāni |
خَنْدَرِيسَا ḵandarīsā |
| accusative | خَنْدَرِيسَيْنِ ḵandarīsayni |
الْخَنْدَرِيسَيْنِ al-ḵandarīsayni |
خَنْدَرِيسَيْ ḵandarīsay |
| genitive | خَنْدَرِيسَيْنِ ḵandarīsayni |
الْخَنْدَرِيسَيْنِ al-ḵandarīsayni |
خَنْدَرِيسَيْ ḵandarīsay |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | خَنَادِر ḵanādir |
الْخَنَادِر al-ḵanādir |
خَنَادِر ḵanādir |
| nominative | خَنَادِرُ ḵanādiru |
الْخَنَادِرُ al-ḵanādiru |
خَنَادِرُ ḵanādiru |
| accusative | خَنَادِرَ ḵanādira |
الْخَنَادِرَ al-ḵanādira |
خَنَادِرَ ḵanādira |
| genitive | خَنَادِرَ ḵanādira |
الْخَنَادِرِ al-ḵanādiri |
خَنَادِرِ ḵanādiri |
References
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “خندريس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 407
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 163–164
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “خندريس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 530
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “خندريس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 815.
- Leclerc, Lucian (1862) “Études historiques et philologiques sur Ebn-Beïthâr”, in Journal asiatique[3] (in French), volume 19 of the 5th series, page 446
- Maraqten, Mohammed (1993) “Wine Drinking and Wine Prohibition in Arabia before Islam”, in Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, volume 23, page 102
- Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “خندريس”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache[4] (in German), volume 1, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 627