دف

See also: ذق

Arabic

Root
د ف ف (d f f)
3 terms

Etymology

A more primitive form of دَفَعَ (dafaʕa, “to push, to propel”), and its resultant noun, already formed before Arabic, though Aramaic דפא / ܕܦܐ (dappā, “board”) is believed to derive from Sumerian 𒁳 (DAB, “board”) / 𒁾 (DUB, “board”).

Verb

دَفَّ • (daffa) I (non-past يَدِفُّ (yadiffu), verbal noun دَفِيف (dafīf))

to flap the wings (of a bird)

Conjugation

Conjugation of **دَفَّ** (I, geminate, a ~ i, no passive (?), verbal noun *دَفِيف*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					دَفِيف dafīf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					دَافّ dāff
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دَفَفْتُ dafaftu	دَفَفْتَ dafafta	دَفَّ daffa	دَفَفْتُمَا dafaftumā	دَفَّا daffā	دَفَفْنَا dafafnā	دَفَفْتُمْ dafaftum	دَفُّوا daffū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	دَفَفْتُ dafaftu	دَفَفْتِ dafafti	دَفَّتْ daffat	دَفَفْتُمَا dafaftumā	دَفَّتَا daffatā	دَفَفْنَا dafafnā	دَفَفْتُنَّ dafaftunna	دَفَفْنَ dafafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَدِفُّ ʔadiffu	تَدِفُّ tadiffu	يَدِفُّ yadiffu	تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	يَدِفَّانِ yadiffāni	نَدِفُّ nadiffu	تَدِفُّونَ tadiffūna	يَدِفُّونَ yadiffūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَدِفُّ ʔadiffu	تَدِفِّينَ tadiffīna	تَدِفُّ tadiffu	تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	نَدِفُّ nadiffu	تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَدِفَّ ʔadiffa	تَدِفَّ tadiffa	يَدِفَّ yadiffa	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	يَدِفَّا yadiffā	نَدِفَّ nadiffa	تَدِفُّوا tadiffū	يَدِفُّوا yadiffū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَدِفَّ ʔadiffa	تَدِفِّي tadiffī	تَدِفَّ tadiffa	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	نَدِفَّ nadiffa	تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَدِفَّ, أَدِفِّ, أَدْفِفْ ʔadiffa, ʔadiffi, ʔadfif	تَدِفَّ, تَدِفِّ, تَدْفِفْ tadiffa, tadiffi, tadfif	يَدِفَّ, يَدِفِّ, يَدْفِفْ yadiffa, yadiffi, yadfif	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	يَدِفَّا yadiffā	نَدِفَّ, نَدِفِّ, نَدْفِفْ nadiffa, nadiffi, nadfif	تَدِفُّوا tadiffū	يَدِفُّوا yadiffū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَدِفَّ, أَدِفِّ, أَدْفِفْ ʔadiffa, ʔadiffi, ʔadfif	تَدِفِّي tadiffī	تَدِفَّ, تَدِفِّ, تَدْفِفْ tadiffa, tadiffi, tadfif	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	نَدِفَّ, نَدِفِّ, نَدْفِفْ nadiffa, nadiffi, nadfif	تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		دِفَّ, دِفِّ, اِدْفِفْ diffa, diffi, idfif		دِفَّا diffā			دِفُّوا diffū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		دِفِّي diffī		دِفَّا diffā			اِدْفِفْنَ idfifna

Noun

دَفّ • (daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))

side, lateral surface

Declension

Declension of noun **دَفّ** (daff)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دَفّ daff	الدَّفّ ad-daff	دَفّ daff
nominative	دَفٌّ daffun	الدَّفُّ ad-daffu	دَفُّ daffu
accusative	دَفًّا daffan	الدَّفَّ ad-daffa	دَفَّ daffa
genitive	دَفٍّ daffin	الدَّفِّ ad-daffi	دَفِّ daffi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دَفَّيْن daffayn	الدَّفَّيْن ad-daffayn	دَفَّيْ daffay
nominative	دَفَّانِ daffāni	الدَّفَّانِ ad-daffāni	دَفَّا daffā
accusative	دَفَّيْنِ daffayni	الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni	دَفَّيْ daffay
genitive	دَفَّيْنِ daffayni	الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni	دَفَّيْ daffay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُفُوف dufūf	الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf	دُفُوف dufūf
nominative	دُفُوفٌ dufūfun	الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu	دُفُوفُ dufūfu
accusative	دُفُوفًا dufūfan	الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa	دُفُوفَ dufūfa
genitive	دُفُوفٍ dufūfin	الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi	دُفُوفِ dufūfi

Derived terms

دَفَّة (daffa, “wing, casement”)
دِفِّيَّة (diffiyya, “loose Egyptian woolen cloak”)

Noun

دُفّ or دَفّ • (duff or daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))

(music) tambourine

Declension

Declension of noun **دُفّ** (duff)‎; **دَفّ** (daff)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُفّ‎; دَفّ duff‎; daff	الدُّفّ‎; الدَّفّ ad-duff‎; ad-daff	دُفّ‎; دَفّ duff‎; daff
nominative	دُفٌّ‎; دَفٌّ duffun‎; daffun	الدُّفُّ‎; الدَّفُّ ad-duffu‎; ad-daffu	دُفُّ‎; دَفُّ duffu‎; daffu
accusative	دُفًّا‎; دَفًّا duffan‎; daffan	الدُّفَّ‎; الدَّفَّ ad-duffa‎; ad-daffa	دُفَّ‎; دَفَّ duffa‎; daffa
genitive	دُفٍّ‎; دَفٍّ duffin‎; daffin	الدُّفِّ‎; الدَّفِّ ad-duffi‎; ad-daffi	دُفِّ‎; دَفِّ duffi‎; daffi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُفَّيْن‎; دَفَّيْن duffayn‎; daffayn	الدُّفَّيْن‎; الدَّفَّيْن ad-duffayn‎; ad-daffayn	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
nominative	دُفَّانِ‎; دَفَّانِ duffāni‎; daffāni	الدُّفَّانِ‎; الدَّفَّانِ ad-duffāni‎; ad-daffāni	دُفَّا‎; دَفَّا duffā‎; daffā
accusative	دُفَّيْنِ‎; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni‎; daffayni	الدُّفَّيْنِ‎; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni‎; ad-daffayni	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
genitive	دُفَّيْنِ‎; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni‎; daffayni	الدُّفَّيْنِ‎; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni‎; ad-daffayni	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُفُوف dufūf	الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf	دُفُوف dufūf
nominative	دُفُوفٌ dufūfun	الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu	دُفُوفُ dufūfu
accusative	دُفُوفًا dufūfan	الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa	دُفُوفَ dufūfa
genitive	دُفُوفٍ dufūfin	الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi	دُفُوفِ dufūfi

Derived terms

دَفَّاف (daffāf, “tambourine player”)

Descendants

→ Catalan: alduf, adufle
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: adufe, aduffe
- Galician: adufe
- Portuguese: adufe, adufo
→ Spanish: adufe, adufre

Baluchi

Noun

دف • (daf)

mouth

Hijazi Arabic

Root
د ف ف
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic دَفَّ (daffa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /daff/

Verb

دف • (daff) I (non-past يِدُف (yiduff))

to push

Conjugation

Conjugation of دف
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	دفّيت (daffēt)	دفّيت (daffēt)	دفّ (daff)	دفّينا (daffēna)	دفّيتوا (daffētu)	دفّوا (daffu)
past	f	دفّيت (daffēt)	دفّيتي (daffēti)	دفّت (daffat)	دفّينا (daffēna)	دفّيتوا (daffētu)	دفّوا (daffu)
non-past	m	أدفّ (ʔaduff)	تدفّ (tiduff)	يدفّ (yiduff)	ندفّ (niduff)	تدفّوا (tiduffu)	يدفّوا (yiduffu)
non-past	f	أدفّ (ʔaduff)	تدفّي (tiduffi)	تدفّ (tiduff)	ندفّ (niduff)	تدفّوا (tiduffu)	يدفّوا (yiduffu)
imperative	m		دفّ (duff)			دفّوا (duffu)
imperative	f		دفّي (duffi)			دفّوا (duffu)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian (daf).

Noun

دف • (def, tef)

daf (a Persian frame drum)

Descendants

Turkish: tef
→ Macedonian: деф (def)

Persian

Alternative forms

دپ (dap)

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic دَفّ (daff).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdaf/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æf]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

Readings
Classical reading^?	daf
Dari reading^?	daf
Iranian reading^?	daf
Tajik reading^?	daf

Noun

دف • (daf) (Tajik spelling даф)

daf (a Persian frame drum)
- c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 125:
  چو آن مه خشم دارد مطربا خیز
  بیفگن چنگ و دف عیش و طرب چیست
  čū ān mah xišm dārad mutribā xēz
  biyafgan čang u daf ayš u tarab čīst
  When that moon[-like beloved] is angry, o minstrel, stand up!
  Throw down the lyre and drum! What is pleasure and mirth [when the beloved is angry]?
  (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

→ English: daf
→ Ottoman Turkish: دف (def, tef)
- Turkish: tef
- → Macedonian: деф (def)
→ Uyghur: داپ (dap)
- → Chinese: 達甫／达甫 (dáfǔ), 達卜／达卜 (dábǔ), 達普／达普 (dápǔ)