زنده

See also: ژنده and رنده

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zy(w)ndk' /⁠zīndag⁠/). Equivalent to (ziy) +‎ (ande), with (ziy) being the present stem of (zistan).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /zin.ˈda/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ǽ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ǽ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zin̪.d̪ǽ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zen̪.d̪é]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zin̪.d̪ǽ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	zinda
Dari reading^?	zinda
Iranian reading^?	zende
Tajik reading^?	zinda

Adjective

زنده • (zende)

alive
- 10^th Century CE, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh
  از آن پس نمیرم که من زنده‌ام
  که تخم سخن من پراگنده‌ام
  az ân pas namiram ke man zende-am
  ke toxm-e soxan man parâgande-'am
  I shall stay alive for ever
  for I am the one who has spread the word!
living
― deraxtân ham zende-'and! ― Trees are living too!

Derived terms

زندگی (zendegi, zendagi, “life, existence”)
زنده باد (zenda bâd, zenda bâd, “long live, zindabad”)

Descendants

→ Bengali: জিন্দা (zinda)
→ Old Anatolian Turkish: زندہ (zinde)
→ Urdu: زندہ (zinda)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zndk' /⁠zandag⁠/).

Adjective

زنده • (zande) (comparative زنده‌تَر, superlative زنده‌تَرین)

(archaic) colossal and formidable
- 10^th Century CE, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh
  سوی سام نِیرَم نِهادند روی
  اَبا زَنده پیلان پرخاشجوی
  soy-e sâme neyram nehâdand ruy
  abâ zande pilân-e parxâšjuy
  They embarked upon their campaign towards Sām,
  with their formidable, rampant war elephants.

Related terms

ژَنده (žande)
گُنده (gonde)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “زنده”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press