ستوه

Persian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /su.ˈtoːh/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sʊ.t̪ʰoːʱ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sʊ.t̪ʰoː]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [su.t̪ʰʊː]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [so.t̪ʰuːʱ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [su.t̪ʰɵʰ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	sutōh
Dari reading^?	sutōh
Iranian reading^?	sotuh
Tajik reading^?	sutüh

Adjective

ستوه • (sutōh / sotuh)

(archaic) defeated, beaten
Synonym: شکست‌خورده (šikast-xwarda / šekast-xorde)
(archaic) fatigued, exhausted
Synonyms: خسته (xasta / xaste), افگار (afgār / afgâr)
overwhelmed, helpless
Synonyms: درمانده (darmānda / darmânde), عاجز (ājiz / âjez), ملول (malūl / malul), بیچاره (bēčāra / bičâre)

Derived terms

به ستوه آمدن (ba sutōh āmadan / be sotuh âmadan)
به ستوه آوردن (ba sutōh āwardan / be sotuh âvardan)
نستوه (nastōh / nastuh)

Related terms

ستهیدن (sitihīdan / setehidan)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ستوه”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
Bulkin, Carleton (2012) “ستوه”, in Dari-English/English-Dari practical dictionary, 2nd edition, New York: Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 212
“ستوه”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2025